College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
J Econ Entomol. 2019 May 22;112(3):1299-1305. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy414.
Similar to other pear psylla species in Europe and America, Cacopsylla chinensis (Yang and Li) is one of the most important pests that causes yield loss in commercial pear orchards in China. To investigate effective essential oils as alternatives to conventional pesticides against C. chinensis, 26 essential oils derived from commonly used Chinese spices and medicinal herbs were screened for insecticidal activity. Among these, the essential oil from Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton leaves was the top performer; it exhibited strong and acute toxicity against pear psylla, with an LD50 value of 0.63 μg per adult. Then, we tested the constituents of the essential oil and its toxicity in the field. Field trials showed a 72% corrected reduction in the first-second-instar population 7 d after spraying P. frutescens leaf oil solution at a concentration of 1 mg/ml and a 47% corrected reduction at days 3 and 14. This report is the first to document the application of essential oil from P. frutescens leaves to control C. chinensis under field conditions. Our results suggest that P. frutescens oil can be considered a novel potential pesticide for C. chinensis control in pear orchards.
类似于欧美其他梨木虱物种，中国梨木虱（Cacopsylla chinensis）是中国商业梨园中造成产量损失的最重要害虫之一。为了寻找替代传统农药的有效精油，我们对 26 种源自常用中国香料和草药的精油进行了杀虫活性筛选。在这些精油中，来自紫苏（Perilla frutescens）叶片的精油表现最佳；它对梨木虱表现出强烈和急性毒性，LD50 值为每头成虫 0.63μg。然后，我们测试了精油的成分及其在田间的毒性。田间试验表明，在浓度为 1mg/ml 的紫苏叶油溶液喷施后 7 天，第一二代若虫的校正减少率为 72%，第 3 天和第 14 天的校正减少率为 47%。本报告首次记录了在田间条件下使用紫苏叶精油来防治中国梨木虱。我们的研究结果表明，紫苏油可被视为梨园防治中国梨木虱的一种新型潜在杀虫剂。
