1 H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL.
2 New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY.
J Clin Oncol. 2019 Mar 1;37(7):547-558. doi: 10.1200/JCO.18.00551. Epub 2019 Jan 16.
To identify potential gaps in attitudes, knowledge, and institutional practices toward lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) patients, a national survey of oncologists at National Cancer Institute-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers was conducted to measure these attributes related to LGBTQ patients and desire for future training and education.
A random sample of 450 oncologists from 45 cancer centers was selected from the American Medical Association's Physician Masterfile to complete a survey measuring attitudes and knowledge about LGBTQ health and institutional practices. Results were quantified using descriptive and stratified analyses and by a novel attitude summary measure.
Of the 149 respondents, there was high agreement (65.8%) regarding the importance of knowing the gender identity of patients, which was contrasted by low agreement (39.6%) regarding the importance of knowing sexual orientation. There was high interest in receiving education regarding the unique health needs of LGBTQ patients (70.4%), and knowledge questions yielded high percentages of "neutral" and "do not know or prefer not to answer" responses. After completing the survey, there was a significant decrease ( P < .001) in confidence in knowledge of health needs for LGB (53.1% agreed they were confident during survey assessment v 38.9% postsurvey) and transgender patients (36.9% v 19.5% postsurvey). Stratified analyses revealed some but limited influence on attitudes and knowledge by having LGBTQ friends and/or family members, political affiliation, oncology specialty, years since graduation, and respondents' region of the country.
This was the first nationwide study, to our knowledge, of oncologists assessing attitudes, knowledge, and institutional practices of LGBTQ patients with cancer. Overall, there was limited knowledge about LGBTQ health and cancer needs but a high interest in receiving education regarding this community.
为了确定在对待同性恋、双性恋、跨性别和 queer/questioning（LGBTQ）患者的态度、知识和机构实践方面可能存在的差距，对美国国立癌症研究所指定的综合癌症中心的肿瘤学家进行了一项全国性调查，以衡量与 LGBTQ 患者相关的这些属性以及对未来培训和教育的渴望。
从美国医学协会的医师主文件中选择了来自 45 个癌症中心的 450 名肿瘤学家的随机样本，以完成一项衡量 LGBTQ 健康和机构实践相关态度和知识的调查。结果使用描述性和分层分析以及一种新颖的态度综合衡量标准进行量化。
在 149 名受访者中，有 65.8%的人非常同意了解患者的性别认同的重要性，而只有 39.6%的人非常同意了解性取向的重要性。他们对接受有关 LGBTQ 患者独特健康需求的教育非常感兴趣（70.4%），并且知识问题的“中立”和“不知道或不愿回答”的回答比例很高。完成调查后，他们对 LGB（53.1%在调查评估时表示有信心，而 38.9%在调查后表示有信心）和跨性别患者（36.9%在调查后表示有信心，而 19.5%表示有信心）的健康需求的知识信心显著下降（P<.001）。分层分析显示，拥有 LGBTQ 朋友和/或家人、政治派别、肿瘤学专业、毕业后的年限以及受访者所在的地区等因素对态度和知识有一定影响，但影响有限。
据我们所知，这是第一项针对评估癌症 LGBTQ 患者态度、知识和机构实践的全国性研究。总的来说，关于 LGBTQ 健康和癌症需求的知识有限，但对接受有关这一群体的教育非常感兴趣。
