Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Disabil Rehabil. 2020 Jun;42(11):1503-1510. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1550532. Epub 2019 Jan 17.
Rehabilitation is commonly portrayed as care that seeks to enable persons who are disabled to recover as normal a state of well-being as their personal and social circumstances allow. In contrast, this article frames psychological preconditions for persons living with disabilities to flourish toward, around or even beyond recovery through health care provision before, during or after injury. This conceptual article uses reasoning and creative word play, informed by experience and literature from disciplines including psychology and philosophy. Ultrabilitation promotes seven psychological preconditions of flourishing by persons with disabilities. These interconnected conditions are: apprehension; appetite; "attitude"; ambiguity; autonomy; accountability and ambiopia. Clinicians could partner with persons living with disabilities to promote these mental preconditions for flourishing, and use ultrabilitation to resist potentially destabilizing forces such as social imperatives to recovery and normalcy.Implications for rehabilitationClinicians can support persons with disabilities to optimize mental states that enable them to flourish in everyday life.Apprehension, including awareness of and anxiety about disability and its management, can motivate persons to assent to capabilities to flourish.Apprehension and ambiguity can feed an appetite for personal growth and an attitude that trusts in genuine possibilities for growth through autonomy and accountability.Autonomy frees persons to accept what they cannot change; set and implement challenging but achievable goals in creative ways; and learn to lose control without viewing disability as something that they need to get beyond in order to flourish.
康复通常被描绘为一种关怀，旨在使残疾人在个人和社会环境允许的情况下尽可能恢复正常的健康状态。相比之下，本文通过在受伤前、受伤期间或受伤后提供医疗保健，为残疾人设定了心理条件，使他们能够茁壮成长、适应或超越康复。这篇概念文章使用推理和创造性的文字游戏，借鉴了心理学和哲学等学科的经验和文献。超康复通过残疾人促进了七种繁荣的心理条件。这些相互关联的条件是：理解、欲望、“态度”、模糊性、自主性、责任感和环境意识。临床医生可以与残疾人合作，促进这些繁荣的心理条件，并利用超康复来抵制可能破坏稳定的力量，如社会对康复和正常状态的强制要求。对康复的影响临床医生可以支持残疾人优化心理状态，使他们能够在日常生活中茁壮成长。理解包括对残疾及其管理的认识和焦虑，可以激励人们同意拥有繁荣的能力。理解和模糊性可以激发对个人成长的渴望和一种信任通过自主性和责任感实现真正成长可能性的态度。自主性使人们能够接受他们无法改变的事情；以创造性的方式设定和实施具有挑战性但可实现的目标；并学会在不将残疾视为需要超越才能繁荣的情况下失去控制。
