State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, School of Environmental Sciences and Resources, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jan 16;16(2):246. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16020246.
Urban soils are strongly related to human health. In this study, Lin'an city was chosen as a typical small-scale city with which to study the spatial variation of potentially hazardous metals (PHMs) in urban soils and their potential ecological risks using multivariate analysis, geostatistics and GIS techniques. A total of 62 soil samples were collected from the study area. The results showed that the average concentrations of total soil Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd were 439.42, 42.23, 196.80, 62.55, 63.65, 0.22 mg·kg, respectively. Compared with the background values and the environmental quality standards, these PHMs were accumulated in urban soils to some extent. The single potential ecological risk indices of PHMs indicated that Pb and Cd had relatively high ecological risks. The pH and most of the PHMs had significant correlations ( < 0.05). The principle components analysis (PCA) showed that Pb, Zn and Cu had similar pollution sources related to the vehicles' exhaust emission; Mn and Cr were mainly from the parent materials; while Cd was from the emission of industrial manufactories. The spatial structures and distributions of PHMs and their corresponding available fractions had strong/moderate spatial autocorrelation, which were influenced by human activities.
城市土壤与人类健康密切相关。本研究选择典型的小型城市——临安市作为研究对象，采用多元分析、地统计学和 GIS 技术研究城市土壤中潜在有害金属（PHMs）的空间变异及其潜在生态风险。共采集研究区 62 个土壤样本。结果表明，土壤 Mn、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd 的平均浓度分别为 439.42、42.23、196.80、62.55、63.65、0.22mg·kg。与背景值和环境质量标准相比，这些 PHMs 在城市土壤中有所积累。单一潜在生态风险指数表明 Pb 和 Cd 具有较高的生态风险。pH 值与大部分 PHMs 呈显著相关（<0.05）。主成分分析（PCA）表明，Pb、Zn 和 Cu 具有相似的污染源，与车辆尾气排放有关；Mn 和 Cr 主要来自母体材料；而 Cd 则来自工业制造厂的排放。PHMs 及其相应有效态的空间结构和分布具有较强/中等空间自相关性，受人类活动的影响。
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