尽责性的多个方面及其与长寿的关联：来自健康与退休研究的数据。
Facets of conscientiousness and longevity: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study.
机构信息
Euromov, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, USA.
出版信息
J Psychosom Res. 2019 Jan;116:1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.11.002. Epub 2018 Nov 7.
OBJECTIVES
Conscientiousness is the strongest personality predictor of longevity. The present study examined which facets of conscientiousness are the most strongly related to mortality risk in a large longitudinal sample of middle-aged and older adults.
METHOD
Seven-year mortality data were obtained from participants (total N > 11,000) from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS, 2008-2014). Six facets of conscientiousness, demographic factors, disease burden, smoking and physical inactivity were assessed at baseline.
RESULTS
Controlling for demographic factors, every standard deviation higher order, traditionalism, virtue, and responsibility was related to an approximately 10% reduced risk of mortality; industriousness was associated with an almost 25% lower likelihood of mortality. Except for traditionalism, these associations were partially accounted by health and behavioral covariates. Self-control was not related to longevity. When all facets and the covariates were simultaneously included, only industriousness was significantly associated with mortality.
CONCLUSIONS
The present study provides new evidence about the specific facets of conscientiousness that are related to longevity.
目的
尽责性是预测长寿的最强人格因素。本研究在一个包含大量中年和老年人的大型纵向样本中，检验了尽责性的哪些方面与死亡率风险的相关性最强。
方法
从健康与退休研究（HRS，2008-2014 年）的参与者中获得了 7 年的死亡率数据（总人数超过 11000 人）。在基线时评估了尽责性的六个方面、人口统计学因素、疾病负担、吸烟和身体活动不足。
结果
在控制人口统计学因素后，每个标准差更高的传统主义、美德和责任感与死亡率降低约 10%相关；勤勉性与死亡率降低近 25%相关。除了传统主义之外，这些关联部分可以通过健康和行为协变量来解释。自我控制与长寿无关。当同时包括所有方面和协变量时，只有勤勉性与死亡率显著相关。
结论
本研究提供了关于与长寿相关的尽责性具体方面的新证据。
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