Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
J Anat. 2019 Sep;235(3):507-520. doi: 10.1111/joa.12932. Epub 2019 Jan 18.
The pulvinar is primarily referred to for its role in visual processing. However, the 'visual pulvinar' only encompasses the inferior and lateral regions of this complex thalamic nucleus. The remaining medial portion (medial pulvinar, PM) establishes distinct cortical connectivity and has been associated with directed attention, executive functions and working memory. These functions are particularly impaired in neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), both of which have been associated with abnormal PM architecture and connectivity. With these disorders becoming more prevalent in modern societies, we review the literature to better understand how the PM can participate in the pathophysiology of cognitive disorders and how a better understanding of the development and function of this thalamic nucleus, which is most likely exclusive to the primate brain, can advance clinical research and treatments.
丘脑枕主要因其在视觉处理中的作用而被提及。然而，“视觉丘脑枕”仅包含这个复杂的丘脑核的下侧和外侧区域。其余的内侧部分（丘脑枕内侧核，PM）与定向注意力、执行功能和工作记忆建立了独特的皮质连接，并与神经发育障碍有关，包括精神分裂症和注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD），这两种疾病都与 PM 结构和连接的异常有关。随着这些疾病在现代社会中变得更加普遍，我们回顾了文献，以更好地理解 PM 如何参与认知障碍的病理生理学，以及更好地理解这个可能只存在于灵长类动物大脑中的丘脑核的发育和功能，如何能推进临床研究和治疗。
