Trojanowski J Q, Jacobson S
J Comp Neurol. 1976 Oct 1;169(3):371-92. doi: 10.1002/cne.901690307.
The areal and laminar distribution of the cortical efferents of the medial, lateral and inferior pulvinar nuclei (PM, PL and PI respectively) were determined in rhesus monkey using autoradiography and Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP). The autoradiographic data indicated that: areas 8a, 45 and 46 on the convexity and 11 and 12 on the orbital surface of the frontal lobe received projections from PM; areas 20, 21 and 22 in temporal lobe received projections from PM primarily with caudal-medial parts of PM projecting to more rostral-dorsal parts of temporal lobe and rostral-lateral parts of PM projecting to more caudal-ventral parts of temporal lobe but PL also sends some efferents to caudal temporal lobe; areas 5 and 7 in parietal lobe and 18 and 19 in occipital lobe received projections primarily from the region in pulvinar comprising PL and PI with the more ventral parts of this region porsal parts of this region projecting to the more dorsal-lateral and medial parts of parieto-occipital cortex and with PM comtributing slightly to these projections rostrally. The autoradiographic information on the pulvinar projections to frontal lobe and temporal pole was supplemented by data derived from cortical HRP injections. These indicated that although only PM of the pulvinar subnuclei projected to these regions, three other caudal thalamic structures, i.e., medial dorsal nucleus, nucleus limitans and suprageniculate nucleus also projected to these regions raising some questions about the identity of the densocellular part of the medial dorsal nucleus which has also been considered to be part of pulvinar. The laminar distribution of pulvinar cortical efferents was uniformly similar regardless of the pulvinar recipient area examined. Elevated numbers of silver grains were observed over all cortical layers, but the silver grains were densest over the deep parts of layer III. The thalamic reticular nucleus was the only diencephalic structure observed to receive projections from pulvinar and it did so from PM, PL and PI. The pulvinar's efferents are to homotypical rather than heterotypical cortex and its connections are most extensive with cortex rather than with subcortical structures.
利用放射自显影术和辣根过氧化物酶（HRP），在恒河猴中确定了内侧、外侧和下枕核（分别为PM、PL和PI）的皮质传出纤维的面积和层状分布。放射自显影数据表明：额叶凸面上的8a、45和46区以及额叶眶面上的11和12区接受来自PM的投射；颞叶中的20、21和22区接受来自PM的投射，主要是PM的尾内侧部分投射到颞叶的更靠前背侧部分，而PM的头外侧部分投射到颞叶的更靠尾腹侧部分，但PL也向颞叶尾部发送一些传出纤维；顶叶中的5和7区以及枕叶中的18和19区主要接受来自枕核中包括PL和PI的区域的投射，该区域的更腹侧部分投射到顶枕皮质的更背外侧和内侧部分，而PM在靠前位置对这些投射有轻微贡献。从皮质HRP注射获得的数据补充了关于枕核投射到额叶和颞极的放射自显影信息。这些数据表明，虽然枕核亚核中只有PM投射到这些区域，但其他三个丘脑尾部结构，即背内侧核、界核和上膝状体核也投射到这些区域，这就引发了关于背内侧核致密细胞部分身份的一些问题，该部分也被认为是枕核的一部分。无论检查的枕核接受区域如何，枕核皮质传出纤维的层状分布都均匀相似。在所有皮质层上都观察到银粒数量增加，但银粒在III层深部最密集。丘脑网状核是唯一观察到接受来自枕核投射的间脑结构，它接受来自PM、PL和PI的投射。枕核的传出纤维是投射到同型皮质而非异型皮质，其连接与皮质最为广泛，而非与皮质下结构。
