Department of Psychology, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2019 Jun;44(2):131-141. doi: 10.1007/s10484-019-09429-z.
Cigarette smokers exhibit reduced physiological stress reactivity, yet it is unclear whether blunted reactivity predicts differences in subjective recovery and vice versa. The study examined whether basal heart rate and heart rate reactivity were related to recovery in anxiety following stress, and conversely, whether initial self-reported anxiety and anxiety reactivity were related to heart rate recovery. Fifty-six smokers completed a 10-min baseline period, a 4-min stressor, and a 10-min recovery period during which heart rate and anxiety were continuously assessed. Results indicated significant linear (p < .01, d = 0.31) and quadratic (p = .02, d = 0.27) effects of baseline heart rate and reactivity (linear p < .01, d = 0.80; quadratic p < .01, d = 0.66) on recovery in anxiety and significant linear (p < .01, d = 0.88) and quadratic (p < .01, d = 0.74) effects of anxiety reactivity on heart rate recovery. These findings suggest that reduced reactivity in both heart rate and anxiety predicted slower recovery in the opposite domain. Findings offer initial evidence for psychophysiological integration in cigarette smokers.
吸烟者表现出较低的生理应激反应性，但目前尚不清楚反应迟钝是否预示着主观恢复的差异，反之亦然。本研究考察了基础心率和心率反应性是否与应激后焦虑的恢复有关，反之，初始自我报告的焦虑和焦虑反应性是否与心率恢复有关。56 名吸烟者在 10 分钟的基线期、4 分钟的应激期和 10 分钟的恢复期内连续评估心率和焦虑，恢复期内。结果表明，基础心率和反应性的线性（p<0.01，d=0.31）和二次（p=0.02，d=0.27）效应显著（线性 p<0.01，d=0.80；二次 p<0.01，d=0.66）对焦虑恢复的影响，以及焦虑反应性对心率恢复的线性（p<0.01，d=0.88）和二次（p<0.01，d=0.74）效应显著。这些发现表明，心率和焦虑反应性的降低都预示着相反领域恢复速度的减慢。研究结果为吸烟者的心理生理整合提供了初步证据。
