Division of Kinesiology and Recreation, California State University, Dominguez Hills, 1000 E. Victoria Street, Carson, CA 90747, USA.
Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Exp Gerontol. 2019 Apr;118:99-105. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.01.013. Epub 2019 Jan 16.
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of aerobic fitness on cognitive performance under varying dual-task demands in older adults. Thirty-four participants (mean ± SD age: 68.6 ± 10.1 years, 24 females) were included in this study. VO max was assessed with the Rockport 1-mile walk test (range = 6.68-45.57). Participants engaged in a cognitive task, the Modified Stroop Color Word Test (MSCWT) on a self-paced treadmill while simultaneously standing or walking. Performance on the Stroop Test was measured as interference of the accuracy score. Participants demonstrated over a 4-fold increase in SI when going from Incongruent to Switching MSCWT blocks across both standing and walking tasks. Furthermore, there was a significant interaction between the MSCWT block and VO max in Stroop interference, such that Switching Stroop interference demonstrated greater changes due to VO max, in comparison to Incongruent SI, even after controlling for age, gender, body mass index, and years of education as covariates in analyses. These results provide evidence of a relationship between aerobic fitness and cognition, suggesting that dual-task interference may provide a sensitive indicator of effects of an aerobic intervention program on the cognitive performance among older adults.
本研究旨在探讨有氧运动能力对老年人在不同双重任务需求下认知表现的影响。共有 34 名参与者（平均年龄±标准差：68.6±10.1 岁，24 名女性）纳入本研究。最大摄氧量（VO max）通过 Rockport 1 英里步行测试（范围=6.68-45.57）进行评估。参与者在自我调节跑步机上进行认知任务，即改良斯特鲁普颜色词测试（MSCWT），同时站立或行走。斯特鲁普测试的表现通过干扰准确性得分来衡量。参与者在从不一致到转换 MSCWT 块的过程中，无论是站立还是行走任务，SI 增加了 4 倍以上。此外，在斯特鲁普干扰中，MSCWT 块和 VO max 之间存在显著的交互作用，与不一致的 SI 相比，由于 VO max，转换斯特鲁普干扰表现出更大的变化，即使在分析中控制了年龄、性别、体重指数和受教育年限作为协变量。这些结果提供了有氧运动能力与认知之间关系的证据，表明双重任务干扰可能是有氧运动干预计划对老年人认知表现影响的敏感指标。
