University of Aizu, Ikki-machi, Aizu-Wakamatsu, Fukushima, 965-8580, Japan.
Phys Life Rev. 2019 Dec;31:276-303. doi: 10.1016/j.plrev.2018.10.003. Epub 2019 Jan 7.
The paper is devoted to the relationship between psychophysics and physics of mind. The basic trends in psychophysics development are briefly discussed with special attention focused on Teghtsoonian's hypotheses. These hypotheses pose the concept of the universality of inner psychophysics and enable us to speak about psychological space as an individual object with its own properties. Turning to the two-component description of human behavior I. Lubashevsky (2017) [9] the notion of mental space is formulated and human perception of external stimuli is treated as the emergence of the corresponding images in the mental space. On one hand, these images are caused by external stimuli and their magnitude bears the information about the intensity of the corresponding stimuli. On the other hand, the individual structure of such images as well as their persistence after emergence is determined only by the properties of mental space on its own. Finally, the mental operations of image comparison and their scaling are defined in a way allowing for the bounded capacity of human cognition. As demonstrated, the developed theory of stimulus perception is able to explain the basic regularities of psychophysics, e.g., (i) the regression and range effects leading to the overestimation of weak stimuli and the underestimation of strong stimuli, (ii) scalar variability (Weber's and Ekman' laws), and (iii) the sequential (memory) effects. As the final result, a solution to the Fechner-Stevens dilemma is proposed. This solution posits that Fechner's logarithmic law is not a consequences of Weber's law but stems from the interplay of uncertainty in evaluating stimulus intensities and the multi-step scaling required to overcome the stimulus incommensurability.
本文致力于探讨心理物理学与心理物理学物理学之间的关系。简要讨论了心理物理学发展的基本趋势，特别关注了 Teghtsoonian 的假设。这些假设提出了内在心理物理学普遍性的概念，使我们能够将心理空间视为具有自身特性的个体对象。在转向人类行为的两分量描述时，I. Lubashevsky（2017）[9]提出了心理空间的概念，并将人类对外界刺激的感知视为心理空间中相应图像的出现。一方面，这些图像是由外部刺激引起的，其大小承载着与相应刺激强度有关的信息。另一方面，这些图像的个体结构及其出现后的持久性仅由心理空间自身的特性决定。最后，以允许人类认知有界容量的方式定义了图像比较和其定标的心理操作。如所展示的，所开发的刺激感知理论能够解释心理物理学的基本规律，例如（i）回归和范围效应导致对弱刺激的高估和对强刺激的低估，（ii）标度可变性（Weber 定律和 Ekman 定律），以及（iii）顺序（记忆）效应。作为最终结果，提出了解决费希纳-史蒂文斯困境的方案。该解决方案假定，费希纳对数定律不是韦伯定律的结果，而是源于评估刺激强度时的不确定性以及克服刺激不可公度性所需的多步标度的相互作用。
