Buscà Bernat, Moreno-Doutres Daniel, Peña Javier, Morales Jose, Solana-Tramunt Mònica, Aguilera-Castells Joan
Department of Sports Sciences, Ramon Llull University, FPCEE Blanquerna, Barcelona, Spain.
Club Joventut de Badalona. Barcelona. Spain.
J Exerc Sci Fit. 2018 Apr;16(1):5-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jesf.2017.11.001. Epub 2017 Dec 1.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Basketball players commonly use mouthguards for protecting their mouths from collisions with other players. Besides, literature reports that specific types of mouthguards may become an ergogenic device that facilitates a powerful jaw clenching, and a subsequent concurrent activation potentiation through this remote voluntary contraction of the mandible muscles.
A randomized within-subjects design was used to study the effects of this mechanism on muscular performance (vertical jump, agility, bench press power and leg press power) into two different conditions (mouthguard and no mouthguard) in high-standard basketball players (n = 13). A mean differences analysis and a responder analysis were conducted.
Significant improvements were found (p < 0.05) in all vertical jump protocols using the mouthguard when compared to the no mouthguard conditions. However, no significant differences were found between the two conditions in agility and power (except in one load of bench press). Nevertheless, p-values were closer to statistical significance when analyzing the total time for the agility T-Test than when the first split time was under consideration (p = 0.111 and p = 0.944, respectively).
This study demonstrated that the use of custom-made, bite-aligning mouthguard had an ergogenic effect on jump outcomes and inconclusive results in agility T-Test in professional basketball players. From the results obtained in the present study, the use of this type of mouthguards seems to be more justified in power actions on the court than in the strength and conditioning sessions at the gym in well-trained players.
背景/目的：篮球运动员通常使用护齿器来保护口腔免受与其他球员碰撞的伤害。此外，文献报道特定类型的护齿器可能成为一种提高运动能力的器械，有助于有力地咬紧牙关，并通过下颌肌肉的这种远程自主收缩实现随后的协同激活增强。
采用随机受试者内设计，研究这种机制对高水平篮球运动员（n = 13）在两种不同条件（使用护齿器和不使用护齿器）下肌肉性能（垂直跳跃、敏捷性、卧推力量和腿举力量）的影响。进行了均值差异分析和反应者分析。
与不使用护齿器的情况相比，使用护齿器时所有垂直跳跃测试项目均有显著改善（p < 0.05）。然而，在敏捷性和力量方面，两种条件之间没有显著差异（卧推的一个负荷情况除外）。尽管如此，在分析敏捷性T测试的总时间时，p值比考虑第一个分段时间时更接近统计学显著性（分别为p = 0.111和p = 0.944）。
本研究表明，使用定制的、咬合对齐的护齿器对职业篮球运动员的跳跃成绩有提高运动能力的作用，而在敏捷性T测试中结果不明确。从本研究获得的结果来看，对于训练有素的球员，在球场上的力量动作中使用这种类型的护齿器似乎比在健身房的力量和体能训练中更有理由。
