Westerkamp Elke A, Strike Siobhan C, Patterson Michael
University of Roehampton, London, UK.
Prosthet Orthot Int. 2019 Jun;43(3):284-292. doi: 10.1177/0309364618823118. Epub 2019 Jan 20.
Lower limb amputees are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease compared to non-amputees. Dietary intake, a major determinant of cardiovascular disease risk, has not previously been studied in this group.
The aim of this study was to investigate dietary intakes and prevalence of overweight/obesity in adult lower limb amputees.
A cross-sectional survey was used to investigate the dietary intake and prevalence of overweight/obesity in adults with lower limb amputations living in the United Kingdom.
Dietary intakes of male adult lower limb amputees ( n = 46, non-dysvascular) were assessed using food frequency questionnaires and results were compared to dietary reference values in the United Kingdom. Prevalence of overweight/obesity was assessed through body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio and compared to the general population according to the Health Survey for England 2011.
Dietary intake risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as sugars (22.01%), total fat (34.87%), saturated fat (12.72%) and sodium (2660.10 mg/day) were significantly higher ( p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.043, p < 0.001; p < 0.001; respectively) than the dietary reference values. A high prevalence (82.8%) of overweight/obesity was found with a significantly higher body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio ( p = 0.027; p = 0.001; respectively) compared to the Health Survey for England 2011.
High intakes of sugars, dietary fats, sugars and salts, combined with high prevalence of overweight/obesity observed in lower limb amputees are concerning. These findings suggest that greater emphasis on dietary intakes should be considered for rehabilitation programmes.
Findings highlight poor dietary habits in lower limb amputees with respect to fat, sugar and salt intake, also high levels of overweight/obesity. Considering greater emphasis on dietary intake and including lifestyle changing interventions in rehabilitation programmes for lower limb amputees may lower the risk of obesity and CVD.
与非截肢者相比，下肢截肢者患心血管疾病的风险更高。饮食摄入是心血管疾病风险的主要决定因素，此前尚未对该群体进行过研究。
本研究旨在调查成年下肢截肢者的饮食摄入量及超重/肥胖的患病率。
采用横断面调查来研究居住在英国的成年下肢截肢者的饮食摄入量及超重/肥胖的患病率。
使用食物频率问卷评估成年男性下肢截肢者（n = 46，非血管性疾病患者）的饮食摄入量，并将结果与英国的饮食参考值进行比较。通过体重指数和腰臀比评估超重/肥胖的患病率，并根据《2011年英格兰健康调查》与普通人群进行比较。
心血管疾病的饮食摄入风险因素，如糖（22.01%）、总脂肪（34.87%）、饱和脂肪（12.72%）和钠（2660.10毫克/天）显著高于饮食参考值（分别为p < 0.001、p < 0.001、p = 0.043、p < 0.001；p < 0.001）。发现超重/肥胖的患病率很高（82.8%），与《2011年英格兰健康调查》相比，体重指数和腰臀比显著更高（分别为p = 0.027；p = 0.001）。
下肢截肢者糖、膳食脂肪、糖和盐的高摄入量，以及观察到的超重/肥胖的高患病率令人担忧。这些发现表明，康复计划应更加强调饮食摄入。
研究结果突出了下肢截肢者在脂肪、糖和盐摄入方面不良的饮食习惯，以及高水平的超重/肥胖情况。考虑到更加强调饮食摄入，并在下肢截肢者的康复计划中纳入改变生活方式的干预措施，可能会降低肥胖和心血管疾病的风险。
