Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China,
Department of Biobank, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2019 Jan 9;14:431-440. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S186226. eCollection 2019.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in the prediction of early biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP).
We synthesized monodisperse gold nanoparticles as SERS-enhanced substrates and analyzed preoperative plasma samples of patients who underwent RP. The roles of clinical risk model (Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment [CAPRA] score) and distinctive SERS spectra on prediction of early biochemical recurrence were evaluated. The principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) were used to manage the spectral data and develop diagnostic algorithm.
A total of 306 preoperative plasma Raman spectra from 102 patients were collected. SERS spectrum from those who developed early biochemical recurrence were compared to those who remained biochemical recurrence-free. The SERS detected more abundant circulating free nucleic acid bases in biochemical recurrence population, presenting significant stronger intensities at SERS spectral bands 725 and 1,328 cm. The addition of Raman spectral peak 1,328 cm to CAPRA postsurgical (CAPRA-S) score significantly improved the predictive power of logistic regression model compared to simple CAPRA score (<0.001). Meanwhile, the leave-one-out cross-validation method was used to validate the PCA-LDA model and revealed the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 65.8%, 87.5%, and 79.4%, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the performance of different models. Area under the ROC curve of the CAPRA-S score model alone was 0.77, however, when combined with Raman spectral peak 1,328 cm, it improved to 0.81.
Our primary results suggested that SERS could be a meaningful technique for prediction of early biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer.
本研究旨在评估表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）在预测根治性前列腺切除术后早期生化复发中的作用。
我们合成了单分散金纳米粒子作为 SERS 增强基底，并分析了接受根治性前列腺切除术的患者的术前血浆样本。评估了临床风险模型（前列腺癌风险评估 [CAPRA] 评分）和独特的 SERS 谱在预测早期生化复发中的作用。主成分分析和线性判别分析（PCA-LDA）用于处理光谱数据并开发诊断算法。
共收集了 102 例患者的 306 例术前血浆拉曼光谱。将发生早期生化复发的患者的 SERS 谱与仍保持生化无复发的患者的 SERS 谱进行比较。SERS 检测到生化复发人群中循环游离核酸碱基更丰富，在 SERS 光谱带 725 和 1328 cm 处呈现出显著更强的强度。与简单的 CAPRA 评分相比，将拉曼光谱峰 1328 cm 添加到 CAPRA 术后（CAPRA-S）评分中显著提高了逻辑回归模型的预测能力（<0.001）。同时，采用留一法交叉验证方法验证了 PCA-LDA 模型，发现其灵敏度、特异性和准确率分别为 65.8%、87.5%和 79.4%。ROC 曲线用于评估不同模型的性能。CAPRA-S 评分模型单独的 ROC 曲线下面积为 0.77，然而，当与拉曼光谱峰 1328 cm 结合使用时，它提高到 0.81。
我们的初步结果表明，SERS 可能是预测前列腺癌早期生化复发的一种有意义的技术。
