Tanaka T
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical School.
Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi. 1988 Oct;40(10):1543-9.
The pathophysiological phenomena of placental microcirculation in cases of toxemia of pregnancy were studied. Fetal capillary endothelial cells, which were constituents of placental barrier, in chorionic villi from 5 normal and 10 toxemic pregnancies were ultrastructurally observed. The small pieces of tissue were prepared by a quick quenching & freeze substitution method, immediately after removal or after incubation in catecholamine solution. 1) In normal placentae, the thickness of the endothelial cells was uniform, and so was the distribution of cytoplasmic organelles. After incubation in catecholamine solution, endothelial cytoplasm partly protruded towards the capillary lumen, forming humps, which contained plenty of 6 nm diameter filaments which were thought to be actin filaments. 2) In toxemic placentae, 10nm diameter filaments increase to form bundles in endothelial cytoplasm. No cytoplasmic organelles were found here. Especially in placentae from severe toxemic pregnancies with IUGR, the augmentation of these filaments was so pronounced that the capillaries seemed as if they were solid molds, and it is possible that the blood flow is disturbed in these capillaries. 3) The endothelial cells occupied by bundles of filaments contained almost no organelles or pinocytotic vesicles. This fact suggests that the quantity of filaments affects the ability to actively transport the substances of mother and fetus.
对妊娠中毒症患者胎盘微循环的病理生理现象进行了研究。对5例正常妊娠和10例妊娠中毒症患者绒毛膜绒毛中作为胎盘屏障组成部分的胎儿毛细血管内皮细胞进行了超微结构观察。组织小块通过快速冷冻置换法制备，在取出后或在儿茶酚胺溶液中孵育后立即进行。1） 在正常胎盘中，内皮细胞厚度均匀，细胞质细胞器分布也均匀。在儿茶酚胺溶液中孵育后，内皮细胞质部分向毛细血管腔突出，形成驼峰，其中含有大量直径为6nm的细丝，被认为是肌动蛋白丝。2） 在妊娠中毒症胎盘中，直径10nm的细丝在内皮细胞质中增加并形成束状。此处未发现细胞质细胞器。特别是在伴有宫内生长受限的重度妊娠中毒症患者的胎盘中，这些细丝的增加非常明显，以至于毛细血管看起来就像实心模具，并且这些毛细血管中的血流可能受到干扰。3） 被细丝束占据的内皮细胞几乎不含细胞器或吞饮小泡。这一事实表明细丝的数量会影响母胎物质的主动运输能力。
