Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
mBio. 2019 Jan 22;10(1):e02268-18. doi: 10.1128/mBio.02268-18.
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism most commonly associated with transcriptional repression. While it is clear that DNA methylation can silence HIV proviral expression in latency models, its correlation with HIV persistence and expression is ambiguous, particularly in persons living with HIV (PLWH) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Several factors potentially contribute to discrepancies between results in the literature, including differences in integration sites, functional proviral load, sampling bias, and stochastic PCR amplification. Recent studies into genomic features of cytosine methylation sites in mammalian genes offer potentially significant insights into this mechanism. Here, we discuss the importance of these factors in the context of the HIV.
DNA 甲基化是一种与转录抑制最常相关的表观遗传机制。虽然 DNA 甲基化可以在潜伏期模型中沉默 HIV 前病毒的表达是明确的，但它与 HIV 持续性和表达的相关性是模糊的，特别是在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 的 HIV 感染者 (PLWH) 中。一些因素可能导致文献中的结果存在差异，包括整合位点、功能前病毒载量、采样偏差和随机 PCR 扩增的差异。最近对哺乳动物基因中胞嘧啶甲基化位点的基因组特征的研究为这一机制提供了潜在的重要见解。在这里，我们讨论了这些因素在 HIV 中的重要性。
