Guerrero-Alba Raquel, Barragán-Iglesias Paulino, González-Hernández Abimael, Valdez-Moráles Eduardo E, Granados-Soto Vinicio, Condés-Lara Miguel, Rodríguez Martín G, Marichal-Cancino Bruno A
Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico.
School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States.
Front Pharmacol. 2019 Jan 8;9:1496. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01496. eCollection 2018.
Marijuana extracts (cannabinoids) have been used for several millennia for pain treatment. Regarding the site of action, cannabinoids are highly promiscuous molecules, but only two cannabinoid receptors (CB and CB) have been deeply studied and classified. Thus, therapeutic actions, side effects and pharmacological targets for cannabinoids have been explained based on the pharmacology of cannabinoid CB/CB receptors. However, the accumulation of confusing and sometimes contradictory results suggests the existence of other cannabinoid receptors. Different orphan proteins (e.g., GPR18, GPR55, GPR119, etc.) have been proposed as putative cannabinoid receptors. According to their expression, GPR18 and GPR55 could be involved in sensory transmission and pain integration. This article reviews select relevant information about the potential role of GPR18 and GPR55 in the pathophysiology of pain. This work summarized novel data supporting that, besides cannabinoid CB and CB receptors, GPR18 and GPR55 may be useful for pain treatment. There is evidence to support an antinociceptive role for GPR18 and GPR55.
大麻提取物（大麻素）用于疼痛治疗已有数千年历史。关于作用部位，大麻素是高度混杂的分子，但仅对两种大麻素受体（CB1和CB2）进行了深入研究和分类。因此，大麻素的治疗作用、副作用和药理学靶点是基于大麻素CB1/CB2受体的药理学来解释的。然而，令人困惑且有时相互矛盾的结果不断积累，提示存在其他大麻素受体。不同的孤儿蛋白（如GPR18、GPR55、GPR119等）已被提出作为潜在的大麻素受体。根据它们的表达情况，GPR18和GPR55可能参与感觉传递和疼痛整合。本文综述了关于GPR18和GPR55在疼痛病理生理学中潜在作用的相关信息。这项工作总结了新的数据，支持除了大麻素CB1和CB2受体外，GPR18和GPR55可能对疼痛治疗有用。有证据支持GPR18和GPR55具有抗伤害感受作用。
