美国残疾发生率压缩方面的教育差异。
Educational differences in the compression of disability incidence in the United States.
作者信息
Chiu Chi-Tsun, Hayward Mark D, Chan Angelique, Matchar David B
机构信息
Institute of European and American Studies, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Rd., Nangang Dist., Taipei City 115, Taiwan.
Population Research Center and Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, Stop G1800, Austin, TX, USA.
出版信息
SSM Popul Health. 2018 Dec 28;7:100347. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.100347. eCollection 2019 Apr.
OBJECTIVE
To examine educational differences in the compression of disability incidence in the United States.
METHOD
We use the Health and Retirement Study and techniques of microsimulation and bootstrap to estimate the distribution of mortality and disability incidence for major education groups.
RESULTS
Higher education is associated with a right shift in the age distributions of both mortality and disability incidence, and more compressed distributions above the modal ages (p<0.05). Our study also points to gender differences in the association between education and compression of mortality and disability incidence (p<0.05).
DISCUSSION
To our knowledge, no prior studies have examined educational difference in compression of disability incidence and conducted formal tests for statistical significance. Educational differences in life span variation in mortality correspond closely with life span variation in disability incidence. One long-range implication of this work is growing inequality in life-span variation in disability incidence given trends in educational differences in life-span variation in mortality.
目的
研究美国在残疾发生率压缩方面的教育差异。
方法
我们使用健康与退休研究以及微观模拟和自助法技术来估计主要教育群体的死亡率和残疾发生率分布。
结果
高等教育与死亡率和残疾发生率的年龄分布右移相关，且在众数年龄以上分布更紧凑（p<0.05）。我们的研究还指出了教育与死亡率和残疾发生率压缩之间关联的性别差异（p<0.05）。
讨论
据我们所知，此前没有研究考察过残疾发生率压缩方面的教育差异并进行统计显著性的正式检验。死亡率寿命变化方面的教育差异与残疾发生率寿命变化密切对应。鉴于死亡率寿命变化方面教育差异的趋势，这项工作的一个长期影响是残疾发生率寿命变化方面的不平等加剧。
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