Bettega Ana Luísa, Brunello Luis Fernando Spagnuolo, Nazar Guilherme Augusto, De-Luca Giovanni Yuji Enomoto, Sarquis Lucas Mansano, Wiederkehr Henrique de Aguiar, Foggiatto José Aguiomar, Pimentel Silvania Klug
Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curso de Medicina, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.
Hospital do Trabalhador, Serviço de Cirurgia Geral e Trauma, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.
Rev Col Bras Cir. 2019 Jan 17;46(1):e2011. doi: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20192011.
by using a 3D printer, to create a low-cost human chest cavity simulator that allows the reproduction of the closed chest drainage technique (CCD), comparing its effectiveness with that of the animal model.
it was made a 3D printing of the bony framework of a human thorax from a chest computerized tomography scan. After printing the ribs, we performed tests with several materials that contributed to form the simulation of the thoracic cavity and pleura. An experimental, randomized, and controlled study, comparing the efficacy of the simulator to the efficacy of the animal model, was then carried out in the teaching of CCD technique for medical students, who were divided into two groups: animal model group and simulator model group, that trained CCD technique in animals and in the simulator model, respectively.
the chest reconstruction required anatomical knowledge for tomography analysis and for faithful 3D surface editing. There was no significant difference in the safety of performing the procedure in both groups (7.61 vs. 7.73; p=0.398). A higher score was observed in the simulator model group for "use as didactic material" and "learning of the chest drainage technique", when compared to the animal model group (p<0.05).
the final cost for producing the model was lower than that of a commercial simulator, what demonstrates the feasibility of using 3D printing for this purpose. In addition, the developed simulator was shown to be equivalent to the animal model in relation to the simulation of the drainage technique for practical learning, and there was preference for the simulator model as didactic material.
使用3D打印机制作一种低成本的人体胸腔模拟器，该模拟器能够再现胸腔闭式引流技术（CCD），并将其有效性与动物模型的有效性进行比较。
根据胸部计算机断层扫描对人体胸廓的骨骼框架进行3D打印。打印肋骨后，我们用几种材料进行测试，以模拟胸腔和胸膜。然后，在医学生的CCD技术教学中开展了一项实验性、随机对照研究，比较模拟器与动物模型的有效性。医学生被分为两组：动物模型组和模拟器模型组，分别在动物和模拟器模型上训练CCD技术。
胸部重建需要解剖学知识进行断层扫描分析和精确的3D表面编辑。两组进行该操作的安全性无显著差异（7.61对7.73；p=0.398）。与动物模型组相比，模拟器模型组在“用作教学材料”和“胸腔引流技术学习”方面得分更高（p<0.05）。
制作该模型的最终成本低于商用模拟器，这证明了为此目的使用3D打印的可行性。此外，就实际学习的引流技术模拟而言，所开发的模拟器与动物模型等效，并且作为教学材料更受青睐的是模拟器模型。
