State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China, and Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China.
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University.
Plant Dis. 2018 Feb;102(2):428-436. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-11-16-1663-RE. Epub 2017 Nov 30.
Botrytis cinerea usually produces grayish mycelia and conidia as well as black-colored sclerotia (BS) due to accumulation of melanin. An isolate (XN-1) of B. cinerea producing orange-colored sclerotia (OS) on agar media was obtained from an orange-colored apothecium of an uncultured soil fungus. Whether or not the OS B. cinerea occurs on plants and how they differ from the BS isolates in melanogensis and ecological fitness remained unknown. This study, for the first time, confirmed the presence of the OS B. cinerea in strawberry and tomato plants that were surveyed in Hubei Province of China. Only five OS isolates were obtained from a total of 2,031 isolates surveyed from the two crops. The OS isolate XN-1 was compared and contrasted with the BS isolate B05.10 in sclerotial melanogenesis and ecological fitness. Sclerotial melanogenesis was evident in B05.10 but was deficient in XN-1. The OS were more susceptible to the two mycoparasites Trichoderma koningiopsis and Clonostachys rosea than the BS. The percentage of viable sclerotia after the mycoparasitism study was significantly (P < 0.01) lower in OS (21%) than in BS (48%). This study also reaffirmed the importance of melanization for survival of B. cinerea sclerotia.
灰葡萄孢通常会产生灰色的菌丝体和分生孢子，以及由于黑色素积累而形成的黑色菌核（BS）。从一株未培养土壤真菌的橙色子囊壳中分离到的灰葡萄孢（XN-1）菌株，在琼脂培养基上产生橙色菌核（OS）。OS 灰葡萄孢是否存在于植物上，以及它们在黑色素生成和生态适应性方面与 BS 分离株有何不同，尚不清楚。本研究首次证实了 OS 灰葡萄孢存在于中国湖北省的草莓和番茄植物上。从这两种作物共调查的 2031 个分离株中，仅获得了 5 个 OS 分离株。将 OS 分离株 XN-1 与 BS 分离株 B05.10 进行了比较，以研究菌核黑色素生成和生态适应性。B05.10 中可见菌核黑色素生成，但 XN-1 中菌核黑色素生成不足。OS 比 BS 更容易受到两种真菌捕食者（拟青霉和玫瑰炭疽菌）的侵害。在真菌捕食研究后，活 OS 菌核的比例（21%）显著（P < 0.01）低于 BS（48%）。本研究还再次证实了黑色素生成对灰葡萄孢菌核生存的重要性。
