Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456.
Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station.
Plant Dis. 2018 Jul;102(7):1264-1272. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-17-0793-RE. Epub 2018 May 2.
Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) is an economically significant tospovirus of onion transmitted by onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman). IYSV epidemics in onion fields are common in New York; however, the role of various habitats contributing to viruliferous onion thrips populations and IYSV epidemics is not known. In a 2-year field study in New York, the abundance of dispersing onion thrips, including those determined to be viruliferous via reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, was recorded in habitats known to harbor both IYSV and its vector. Results showed that viruliferous thrips were encountered in all habitats; however, transplanted onion sites accounted for 49 to 51% of the total estimated numbers of viruliferous thrips. During early to midseason, transplanted onion sites had 9 to 11 times more viruliferous thrips than the other habitats. These results indicate that transplanted onion fields are the most important habitat for generating IYSV epidemics in all onion fields (transplanted and direct-seeded) in New York. Our findings suggest that onion growers should control onion thrips in transplanted fields early in the season to minimize risk of IYSV epidemics later in the season.
虹膜黄斑病毒（IYSV）是一种经济上重要的洋葱番茄斑萎病毒，由葱蓟马（Thrips tabaci Lindeman）传播。IYSV 在纽约洋葱田中的流行很常见；然而，各种生境对带毒葱蓟马种群和 IYSV 流行的作用尚不清楚。在纽约进行的为期 2 年的田间研究中，在已知含有 IYSV 和其载体的生境中记录了包括通过逆转录聚合酶链反应确定为带毒的分散葱蓟马的丰度。结果表明，所有生境中都遇到了带毒的蓟马；然而，移植洋葱田占估计带毒蓟马总数的 49%至 51%。在早期到中期，移植洋葱田中的带毒蓟马比其他生境多 9 到 11 倍。这些结果表明，在纽约的所有洋葱田（移植和直播）中，移植洋葱田是产生 IYSV 流行的最重要生境。我们的研究结果表明，洋葱种植者应在季节早期控制移植田中的葱蓟马，以最大程度地减少季节后期 IYSV 流行的风险。
