ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India.
Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, 23 St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 Jan 24;191(2):98. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7224-7.
Land use and land cover (LULC) change have considerable influence on ecosystem services. Assessing change in ecosystem services due to LULC change at different spatial and temporal scales will help to identify suitable management practices for sustaining ecosystem productivity and maintaining the ecological balance. The objective of this study was to investigate variations in ecosystem services in response to LULC change over 27 years in four agro-climatic zones (ACZ) of eastern India using satellite imagery for the year 1989, 1996, 2005, 2011 (Landsat TM) and 2016 (Landsat 8 OLI). The satellite images were classified into six LULC classes, agriculture land, forest, waterbody, wasteland, built-up, and mining area. During the study period (1989 to 2016), forest cover reduced by 5.2%, 13.7%, and 3.6% in Sambalpur, Keonjhar, and Kandhamal districts of Odisha, respectively. In Balasore, agricultural land reduced by 17.2% due to its conversion to built-up land. The value of ecosystem services per unit area followed the order of waterbodies > agricultural land > forests. A different set of indicators, e.g., by explicitly including diversity, could change the rank between these land uses, so the temporal trends within a land use are more important than the absolute values. Total ecosystem services increased by US$ 1296.4 × 10 (50.74%), US$ 1100.7 × 10 (98.52%), US$ 1867 × 10 (61.64%), and US$ 1242.6 × 10 (46.13%) for Sambalpur, Balasore, Kandhamal, and Keonjhar, respectively.
土地利用和土地覆被（LULC）变化对生态系统服务有很大影响。评估不同时空尺度下 LULC 变化对生态系统服务的影响，有助于确定维持生态系统生产力和保持生态平衡的适宜管理实践。本研究的目的是利用 1989 年、1996 年、2005 年、2011 年（Landsat TM）和 2016 年（Landsat 8 OLI）卫星图像，研究印度东部四个农业气候区（ACZ）27 年来 LULC 变化对生态系统服务的变化。卫星图像被分为 6 个土地利用类型，包括农业用地、森林、水体、荒地、建成区和矿区。在研究期间（1989 年至 2016 年），奥里萨邦的桑巴尔普尔、基恩杰哈和坎德哈马尔地区的森林覆盖分别减少了 5.2%、13.7%和 3.6%。在巴尔萨斯勒，由于建成区的发展，农业用地减少了 17.2%。单位面积的生态系统服务价值依次为水体>农业用地>森林。一套不同的指标，例如明确包括多样性，可以改变这些土地利用之间的排名，因此土地利用的时间趋势比绝对值更重要。桑巴尔普尔、巴尔萨斯勒、坎德哈马尔和基恩杰哈的总生态系统服务分别增加了 1296.4 美元×10（50.74%）、1100.7 美元×10（98.52%）、1867 美元×10（61.64%）和 1242.6 美元×10（46.13%）。
