评估热应激对职业伤害发生的影响：观察性研究的荟萃分析。
Evaluation of the impact of heat stress on the occurrence of occupational injuries: Meta-analysis of observational studies.
机构信息
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology, Hygiene, Italian National Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Rome, Italy.
CeRIMP-Local Health Unit Tuscany Centre, Florence, Italy.
出版信息
Am J Ind Med. 2019 Mar;62(3):233-243. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22946. Epub 2019 Jan 23.
BACKGROUND
Growing evidence indicates that the exposure to high heat levels in the workplace results in health problems in workers. A meta-analysis was carried out to summarize the epidemiological evidence of the effects of heat exposure on the risk of occupational injuries.
METHODS
A search strategy was conducted to retrieve studies on the effects of climate change on occupational injury risk. Among the 406 identified, 5 time-series and 3 case-crossover studies were selected for meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Pooled risk estimates for time-series and case-crossover studies combined, and then separated, were 1.005 (95%CI: 1.001-1009), 1.002 (95%CI: 0.998-1.005), and 1.014 (95%CI: 1.012-1.017), respectively. Subgroup analyses found increased risks (not statistically significant) for male gender, age <25 years and agriculture.
CONCLUSIONS
The present findings can orient further research to assess the effects of heat at workplace and consequently to establish better health policies for managing such exposure in at-risk regions.
背景
越来越多的证据表明，工作场所高温暴露会导致工人健康问题。进行了一项荟萃分析，以总结高温暴露对职业伤害风险影响的流行病学证据。
方法
检索了关于气候变化对职业伤害风险影响的研究，共确定了 406 项研究，其中 5 项时间序列研究和 3 项病例交叉研究被纳入荟萃分析。
结果
时间序列和病例交叉研究合并后的汇总风险估计值分别为 1.005（95%CI：1.001-1009）、1.002（95%CI：0.998-1.005）和 1.014（95%CI：1.012-1.017）。亚组分析发现男性、年龄<25 岁和农业的风险增加（无统计学意义）。
结论
本研究结果可以为进一步研究评估工作场所的热暴露效应提供方向，并为高风险地区管理这种暴露制定更好的健康政策。
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