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诺维乔克——A 组有机磷化学战剂。

Novichoks - The A group of organophosphorus chemical warfare agents.

机构信息

Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.

Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.

出版信息

Chemosphere. 2019 Apr;221:672-682. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.054. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Abstract

Novichok use has become symbol for the chemical substances use to carry out political assassinations. In the last century, poisonous warfare agents were used for the first time on the battlefields, almost all over the world. After the World War II, new types of organophosphorus chemical warfare agents were developed. Novichoks are only ones, but the most important part of them - the 4th generation of chemical warfare agents. Despite the Chemical Weapons Convention, entered into force in 1997, there is still real threat of use of chemical weapons. This weapon can be used by both states, and transnational terrorist organisations. Novichoks, A code-named substances, should be permanently introduced into a number of chemical substances contained in organophosphorus chemical warfare poisonous agents. This article presents a short fourth-generation nerve agents' description. Group A compounds together with G and V groups compounds are organophosphorus chemical warfare agents which are very dangerous ones. Our article is an attempt to provide answer for the question - what are Novichoks? And why they should be introduced into Chemical Weapons Convention.

摘要

新型沙林类毒剂已成为实施政治暗杀的化学制剂的代名词。上个世纪,毒剂在战场上首次被使用,几乎遍及全球。第二次世界大战后,新型有机磷化学毒剂被开发出来。新型沙林类毒剂是其中之一,也是第四代化学毒剂的重要组成部分。尽管 1997 年生效的《化学武器公约》仍存在使用化学武器的真实威胁。这种武器既可以被国家使用,也可以被跨国恐怖组织使用。新型沙林类毒剂是一种代号物质,应永久列入有机磷化学战毒剂所含的若干化学物质中。本文对第四代神经毒剂作了简要描述。A 组化合物和 G 组、V 组化合物都是非常危险的有机磷化学战毒剂。本文旨在回答一个问题,即新型沙林类毒剂是什么?为什么要将其列入《化学武器公约》?

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