Environmental Health Department, Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa Ma. Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico.
Urbanism academy, Faculty of Architecture, Autonomous University of Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jan 22;16(3):295. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16030295.
The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the link between housing and children´s respiratory symptoms, through the construction of an index (HSHI) based on the definition of healthy-sustainable housing criteria, in a semi-urban community from Morelos, Mexico. A general and household questionnaire, and respiratory symptoms diary were applied in 60 households to gather information about schoolchildren, respiratory health, housing and lifestyle characteristics. HSHI was constructed using principal component analysis. The association between HSHI and the presence and duration of respiratory symptoms was assessed using logistic and Poisson regression models. HSHI had five components, which accounted for 63% of variance, and were classified into poor and sufficient quality. It was observed that schoolchildren who inhabit a sufficient-quality house, showed a reduction in nose irritation duration and in the allergic symptoms probability regarding component 1 (ventilation, lighting and cloth washing) and presented three times less duration of common cold by component 2 (construction material, painted walls inside the house and type of bathroom) compared to poor-quality house inhabitants. Our results suggest that living in a sufficient-quality house, as described by the HSHI, reduced the prevalence of wheezing episodes and the probability of ear pain, providing evidence about the positive association of a healthy-sustainable housing on the respiratory health of schoolchildren.
本研究旨在通过构建基于健康可持续住房标准定义的指数（HSHI），评估住房与儿童呼吸症状之间的关系，该指数是在墨西哥莫雷洛斯州一个半城市社区中构建的。在 60 户家庭中应用了一般和家庭问卷以及呼吸症状日记，以收集有关学童、呼吸健康、住房和生活方式特征的信息。使用主成分分析构建 HSHI。使用逻辑回归和泊松回归模型评估 HSHI 与呼吸症状的存在和持续时间之间的关联。HSHI 有五个组成部分，占方差的 63%，并分为质量差和质量充足。结果表明，居住在质量充足房屋中的学童，在第一组成分（通风、采光和衣物洗涤）中，鼻子刺激的持续时间和过敏症状的概率降低，而在第二组成分（建筑材料、房屋内部涂漆和浴室类型）中，普通感冒的持续时间减少了三倍，与质量差的房屋居民相比。我们的研究结果表明，居住在 HSHI 所描述的质量充足的房屋中，降低了喘息发作的发生率和耳痛的可能性，这为健康可持续住房对学童呼吸健康的积极关联提供了证据。
