State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2019;20(7):713-726. doi: 10.2174/1389203720666190124165243.
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains a major problem in swine production since the associated low birth weight leads to high rates of pre-weaning morbidity and mortality, and permanent retardation of growth and development. The underlying regulatory mechanisms from the aspects of epigenetic modification has received widespread attention. Studies explore the changes in genome wide methylation in small intestine (SI), liver and longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) between IUGR and normal birth weight (NBW) newborn piglets using a methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (MeDIP-Seq) approach. The data demonstrated that methylated peaks were prominently distributed in distal intergenic regions and the quantities of peaks in IUGR piglets were more than that of NBW piglets. IUGR piglets had relatively high methylated level in promoters, introns and coding exons in all the three tissues. Through KEGG pathway analysis of differentially methylated genes found that 33, 54 and 5 differentially methylated genes in small intestine, liver and longissimus dorsi muscle between NBW and IUGR piglets, respectively, which are related to development and differentiation, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, protein turnover, immune response, detoxification, oxidative stress and apoptosis pathway. The objective of this review is to assess the impact of differentially methylation status on developmental delay, metabolic disorders and immune deficiency of IUGR piglets.
宫内生长受限（IUGR）仍然是猪生产中的一个主要问题，因为出生体重低会导致较高的断奶前发病率和死亡率，以及生长和发育的永久性滞后。从表观遗传修饰的角度来看，其潜在的调节机制受到了广泛关注。研究使用甲基化 DNA 免疫沉淀测序（MeDIP-Seq）方法，探讨了 IUGR 和正常出生体重（NBW）新生仔猪小肠（SI）、肝脏和背最长肌（LDM）中全基因组甲基化的变化。数据表明，甲基化峰主要分布在远端基因间区，IUGR 仔猪的峰数量多于 NBW 仔猪。IUGR 仔猪在三个组织中的启动子、内含子和编码外显子中均具有相对较高的甲基化水平。通过对 NBW 和 IUGR 仔猪小肠、肝脏和背最长肌之间差异甲基化基因的 KEGG 通路分析发现，分别有 33、54 和 5 个差异甲基化基因与发育和分化、碳水化合物和能量代谢、脂质代谢、蛋白质周转、免疫反应、解毒、氧化应激和细胞凋亡途径有关。本综述的目的是评估差异甲基化状态对 IUGR 仔猪发育迟缓、代谢紊乱和免疫缺陷的影响。
