i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, U. Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), U. Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, U. Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; FLUIDINOVA, S.A., Maia, Rua Engenheiro Frederico Ulrich, 2650, 4470-605 Moreira da Maia, Portugal.
i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, U. Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), U. Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2019 Apr;97:529-538. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.059. Epub 2018 Dec 19.
Bone substitutes market is growing due to the great demand for bone regenerative therapies. However, most of the actual products available in the market are incapable of inhibiting bacterial colonization, which can lead to tissue infection and possible implant failure. Some bone substitutes are combined with antibiotics to avoid the development of implant-associated infections, but the growing bacterial resistance to antibiotics often makes these products ineffective. Therefore, it is mandatory to develop new and alternative approaches. In the present work, a granular bone substitute of hydroxyapatite was produced, where different percentages of magnesium oxide were introduced. The antibacterial activity and biofilm formation was evaluated towards Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The inclusion of magnesium oxide particles reduced bacterial growth and biofilm formation in a concentration-dependent manner, when compared with pure hydroxyapatite materials. Superior antibacterial activity and inhibition of biofilm formation was observed for Staphylococcus aureus with complete eradication when magnesium oxide percentages were equal or above 3 wt%. The materials cytotoxicity was assessed under ISO 10993-5:2009 guidance and through Live/Dead cell marking and none of the produced granules was cytotoxic. In addition, reactive oxygen species production was also evaluated and the results revealed that the exposure to the materials extracts did not induce the formation of reactive oxygen species by cells.
骨替代物市场正在增长，因为对骨再生疗法的需求很大。然而，市场上大多数实际可用的产品都不能抑制细菌定植，这可能导致组织感染和可能的植入物失败。一些骨替代物与抗生素结合以避免植入物相关感染的发展，但细菌对抗生素的耐药性不断增加，这使得这些产品往往失效。因此，必须开发新的替代方法。在本工作中，制备了一种含有不同比例氧化镁的羟基磷灰石颗粒状骨替代物。评估了其对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌活性和生物膜形成。与纯羟基磷灰石材料相比，氧化镁颗粒的存在以浓度依赖的方式减少了细菌的生长和生物膜的形成。当氧化镁的百分比等于或高于 3wt%时，观察到对金黄色葡萄球菌具有更好的抗菌活性和抑制生物膜形成的作用，完全消除了细菌。根据 ISO 10993-5:2009 指南和 Live/Dead 细胞标记评估了材料的细胞毒性，所制备的颗粒均无细胞毒性。此外，还评估了活性氧的产生，结果表明，暴露于材料提取物不会诱导细胞形成活性氧。
