College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Department of Soil Science, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam 70060, Pakistan.
Molecules. 2019 Jan 24;24(3):423. doi: 10.3390/molecules24030423.
Desert soil is one of the most severe conditions which negatively affect the environment and crop growth production in arid land. The application of organic amendments with inorganic fertilizers is an economically viable and environmentally comprehensive method to develop sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to assess whether milk tea waste (TW) amendment combined with chemical fertilizer (F) application can be used to improve the biochemical properties of sandy soil and wheat growth. The treatments included control without amendment (T1), chemical fertilizers (T2), TW 2.5% + F (T3), TW 5% + F (T4) and TW 10% + F (T5). The results showed that the highest chlorophyll (a and b) and carotenoids, shoot and root dry biomass, and leaf area index (LAI) were significantly ( < 0.05) improved with all amendment treatments. However, the highest root total length, root surface area, root volume and diameter were recorded for T4 among all treatments. The greater uptake of N, P, and K contents for T4 increased for the shoot by 68.9, 58.3, and 57.1%, and for the root by 65.7, 34.3, and 47.4% compared to the control, respectively. Compared with the control, T5 treatment decreased the soil pH significantly ( < 0.05) and increased soil enzyme activities such as urease (95.2%), β-glucosidase (81.6%) and dehydrogenase (97.2%), followed by T4, T3, and T2. Our findings suggested that the integrated use of milk tea waste and chemical fertilizers is a suitable amendment method for improving the growth and soil fertility status of sandy soils.
荒漠土壤是影响干旱地区环境和作物生长的最严重条件之一。施用有机肥料与无机肥料相结合是一种经济可行且全面的环境方法，可用于发展可持续农业。本研究的目的是评估奶茶废弃物（TW）与化肥（F）的应用相结合是否可以改善沙质土壤和小麦生长的生化特性。处理包括不添加改良剂的对照（T1）、施用化肥（T2）、TW 2.5%+F（T3）、TW 5%+F（T4）和 TW 10%+F（T5）。结果表明，所有改良剂处理均显著提高了叶绿素（a 和 b）和类胡萝卜素、地上和地下干生物量以及叶面积指数（LAI）（<0.05）。然而，所有处理中，T4 的根总长、根表面积、根体积和直径最大。与对照相比，T4 处理的地上部和地下部对 N、P 和 K 的吸收量分别增加了 68.9%、58.3%和 57.1%，以及 65.7%、34.3%和 47.4%。与对照相比，T5 处理显著降低了土壤 pH（<0.05），并增加了土壤酶活性，如脲酶（95.2%）、β-葡萄糖苷酶（81.6%）和脱氢酶（97.2%），其次是 T4、T3 和 T2。我们的研究结果表明，奶茶废弃物与化肥的综合利用是改善沙质土壤生长和土壤肥力状况的适宜改良方法。
