Boström Anna, Channon Sarah, Jokinen Tarja, Junnila Jouni, Hielm-Björkman Anna, Laitinen-Vapaavuori Outi
Small Animal Surgery, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, P.O. Box 57, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014, Finland.
Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, 4 Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK.
Res Vet Sci. 2019 Apr;123:204-215. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.01.008. Epub 2019 Jan 8.
Epaxial muscle atrophy is related to spinal diseases in dogs. However, the influence of intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) on the functional capacity of epaxial muscles has not been investigated. We aimed to estimate force and power-generating capacity of epaxial muscles in chondrodystrophic Dachshunds and non-chondrodystrophic Border terriers bred for similar purposes. Further we aimed to compare these features in Dachshunds with and without IVDH. Cadavers of Dachshunds (n = 16) and Border terriers (n = 7) were investigated with MRI. In the absence of clinical information, MRI findings were used to categorize the Dachshunds into affected (n = 8) and non-affected (n = 8). Epaxial muscle mass, muscle belly length, fascicle length, architectural index and physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) were obtained through dissections, pain and exercise history through questionnaires. Difference between groups and effect of covariates were assessed with ANCOVA models. Dachshunds had greater muscle mass in M. splenius, M. longissimus capitis and M. iliocostalis thoracis (all P < .05). Dachshunds had higher PCSA in M. semispinalis complexus (P = .004) and M. iliocostalis lumborum (P = .016) than Border terriers, which had longer muscle fascicles in these muscles (P = .004 and P = .002, respectively). Affected Dachshunds had longer muscle fascicles than non-affected Dachshunds in M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum (P = .004) and M. longissimus cervicis (P = .011). Body weight had a significant impact on all muscle variables, but pain and exercise had none. Dachshund epaxial muscles have greater potential for force production than those of the Border terrier. This may imply that Dachshunds, due to predisposition to IVDH, require more spinal stability provided by the epaxial muscles.
轴上肌萎缩与犬类脊柱疾病有关。然而，椎间盘突出症（IVDH）对轴上肌功能能力的影响尚未得到研究。我们旨在评估为相似目的培育的软骨发育不良腊肠犬和非软骨发育不良边境梗的轴上肌产生力量和功率的能力。此外，我们旨在比较有和没有IVDH的腊肠犬的这些特征。对腊肠犬（n = 16）和边境梗（n = 7）的尸体进行了磁共振成像（MRI）检查。在缺乏临床信息的情况下，MRI结果被用于将腊肠犬分为患病组（n = 8）和未患病组（n = 8）。通过解剖获得轴上肌质量、肌腹长度、肌束长度、结构指数和生理横截面积（PCSA），通过问卷调查获得疼痛和运动史。使用协方差分析（ANCOVA）模型评估组间差异和协变量的影响。腊肠犬在夹肌、头最长肌和胸髂肋肌中的肌肉质量更大（所有P < 0.05）。腊肠犬在半棘肌复合体（P = 0.004）和腰髂肋肌（P = 0.016）中的PCSA高于边境梗，而边境梗在这些肌肉中的肌束更长（分别为P = 0.004和P = 0.002）。患病腊肠犬在胸腰最长肌（P = 0.004）和颈最长肌（P = 0.011）中的肌束比未患病腊肠犬更长。体重对所有肌肉变量有显著影响，但疼痛和运动没有影响。腊肠犬轴上肌产生力量方面比边境梗有更大潜力。这可能意味着，由于易患IVDH，腊肠犬需要轴上肌提供更多脊柱稳定性。
