Choudhary Carla E, Burgos-Garay Maria L, Moorman Gary W, Hong Chuanxue
Department of Plant Pathology & Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Beach 23455.
Plant Dis. 2016 May;100(5):926-932. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-07-15-0836-RE. Epub 2016 Feb 24.
Two commercial greenhouses producing potted plants in Pennsylvania using recycled irrigation water in an ebb-and-flood system have incurred significant crop losses due to Pythium aphanidermatum. In cooperation with the greenhouses, one or more of their water tanks was monitored continuously (128 tank samplings) for Pythium spp. by baiting. Nine species of Pythium and three species of Phytopythium were recovered, representing clades A, B, E, and K, but none was P. aphanidermatum. The recovered Pythium spp. were (i) P. rostratifingens, (ii) isolates identical to Pythium sp. nov. OOMYA1702-08 (clade B2), (iii) P. coloratum, (iv) P. middletonii, (v) and (vi) two new species in clade E2, (vii) a new species in clade B2, (viii) isolates very similar to Pythium sp. nov. OOMYA1646-08 (clade E2), and (ix) a new species in clade A. The Phytopythium spp. recovered were (i) Phytopythium litorale, (ii) P. helicoides, and (iii) P. chamaehyphon. This article illustrates the different communities of Pythium and Phytopythium spp. found in each greenhouse over 10 months. Some of the baited species display resistance to the oomycete fungicide active ingredient, mefenoxam. P. helicoides and the new species in clade B2 were pathogenic on seedlings in potting mix with fertilizer added.
宾夕法尼亚州有两个商业温室采用潮起潮落系统使用循环灌溉水来生产盆栽植物，由于瓜果腐霉导致了严重的作物损失。与这些温室合作，通过诱饵法对它们的一个或多个水箱持续进行监测（共128次水箱采样）以检测腐霉属物种。共分离出9种腐霉属和3种根腐离蠕孢属物种，代表了进化枝A、B、E和K，但没有瓜果腐霉。分离出的腐霉属物种有：（i）喙状腐霉，（ii）与腐霉属新种OOMYA1702 - 08（进化枝B2）相同的分离株，（iii）色状腐霉，（iv）米氏腐霉，（v）和（vi）进化枝E2中的两个新物种，（vii）进化枝B2中的一个新物种，（viii）与腐霉属新种OOMYA1646 - 08（进化枝E2）非常相似的分离株，以及（ix）进化枝A中的一个新物种。分离出的根腐离蠕孢属物种有：（i）滨海根腐离蠕孢，（ii）螺旋根腐离蠕孢，和（iii）矮小根腐离蠕孢。本文阐述了在10个月内每个温室中发现的不同的腐霉属和根腐离蠕孢属群落。一些诱饵物种对卵菌纲杀真菌剂活性成分甲霜灵表现出抗性。螺旋根腐离蠕孢和进化枝B2中的新物种在添加了肥料的盆栽基质中对幼苗具有致病性。
