Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
Curr Med Chem. 2020;27(23):3784-3808. doi: 10.2174/0929867326666190125155947.
Migraine may be described as a headache with moderate to extreme pain that is often accompanied by incapacitating neurological symptoms. It is estimated that 12% of the world population suffers from migraine. Although a number of drugs have been used for treatment of migraine, most of these are not effective for every patient and may have undesirable side-effects. Thus, there is an enormous unmet need in current migraine therapy for discovering safer and more effective agents.
The information summarized in this review was obtained through extensive literature review and search of relevant books and articles with the use of Web of Knowledge and SciVerse Scopus databases.
Greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the etiopathogenesis of migraine is helpful in identifying novel targets for antimigraine drugs such as cannabinoid, histamine, and melatonin receptors. In the past, natural product-derived constituents have served as an invaluable source of numerous medicinally useful antimigraine agents and it may be expected that further promising drug candidates from natural products will be discovered for antimigraine pharmacotherapy with better efficacy and fewer adverse-effects.
The discovery of novel targets in migraine therapy has opened new horizons for compounds that have not been clinically tested or that previously failed in clinical trials as potential antimigraine drugs. Ginkgolide B, melatonin, histamine, oxytocin, various ribosomal peptide toxins, kavalactones, devil's claw-derived compounds, salvinorin A and petasin are among those agents that show considerable promise as novel drugs in migraine prevention and treatment. It is necessary to conduct more research to better understand their antimigraine action, to confirm their effectiveness and safety, and to introduce them into clinical practice.
偏头痛可被描述为一种中重度疼痛的头痛，常伴有使人丧失能力的神经系统症状。据估计，全世界有 12%的人口患有偏头痛。尽管已经有许多药物被用于治疗偏头痛，但大多数药物并非对每个患者都有效，且可能有不良的副作用。因此，目前在偏头痛治疗中存在着巨大的未满足的需求，需要发现更安全、更有效的药物。
本综述中总结的信息是通过广泛的文献综述以及使用 Web of Knowledge 和 SciVerse Scopus 数据库检索相关书籍和文章获得的。
深入了解偏头痛发病机制的分子机制有助于确定新型偏头痛药物的靶点，如大麻素、组胺和褪黑素受体。过去，天然产物衍生的成分是许多具有药用价值的抗偏头痛药物的宝贵来源，预计将从天然产物中发现更多有前途的候选药物，用于偏头痛的治疗，具有更好的疗效和更少的不良反应。
偏头痛治疗中新靶点的发现为那些尚未经过临床测试或以前在临床试验中失败的化合物开辟了新的前景，作为潜在的抗偏头痛药物。白果内酯 B、褪黑素、组胺、催产素、各种核糖体肽毒素、卡瓦内酯、恶魔爪衍生化合物、沙维林 A 和佩塔辛等药物作为新型偏头痛预防和治疗药物具有很大的潜力。有必要进行更多的研究，以更好地了解它们的抗偏头痛作用，确认其有效性和安全性，并将其引入临床实践。
