Nikolaev Andrey R, van Leeuwen Cees
Laboratory for Perceptual Dynamics, Brain & Cognition Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Front Psychol. 2019 Jan 11;9:2701. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02701. eCollection 2018.
An unresolved problem in eye movement research is how a representation is constructed on-line from several consecutive fixations of a scene. Such a scene representation is generally understood to be sparse; yet, for meeting behavioral goals a certain level of detail is needed. We propose that this is achieved through the buildup of latent representations acquired at fixation. Latent representations are retained in an activity-silent manner, require minimal energy expenditure for their maintenance, and thus allow a larger storage capacity than traditional, activation based, visual working memory. The latent representations accumulate and interact in working memory to form to the scene representation. The result is rich in detail while sparse in the sense that it is restricted to the task-relevant aspects of the scene sampled through fixations. Relevant information can quickly and flexibly be retrieved by dynamical attentional prioritization. Latent representations are observable as transient functional connectivity patterns, which emerge due to short-term changes in synaptic weights. We discuss how observing latent representations could benefit from recent methodological developments in EEG-eye movement co-registration.
眼动研究中一个尚未解决的问题是如何根据对一个场景的连续多次注视在线构建一种表征。这样的场景表征通常被认为是稀疏的;然而,为了实现行为目标,需要一定程度的细节。我们提出这是通过在注视时获取的潜在表征的积累来实现的。潜在表征以一种活动沉默的方式保留,维持它们所需的能量消耗最小,因此比传统的基于激活的视觉工作记忆具有更大的存储容量。潜在表征在工作记忆中积累并相互作用以形成场景表征。结果在细节上很丰富,同时在某种意义上是稀疏的,因为它仅限于通过注视采样的场景中与任务相关的方面。相关信息可以通过动态注意力优先级快速灵活地检索。潜在表征可作为瞬态功能连接模式被观察到,这些模式由于突触权重的短期变化而出现。我们讨论了观察潜在表征如何能从脑电图 - 眼动共同记录的最新方法发展中受益。