神经调节的神经伦理学：最新进展
Neuroethics of Neuromodulation: An Update.
作者信息
Zuk Peter, Torgerson Laura, Sierra-Mercado Demetrio, Lázaro-Muñoz Gabriel
机构信息
Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Department of Philosophy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Biomed Eng. 2018 Dec;8:45-50. doi: 10.1016/j.cobme.2018.10.003. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
This article reviews neuroethics issues that arise with the development, translation, and use of technologies for neuromodulation. Three electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and PhilPapers) were searched for relevant articles published between 1/1/16 - 6/26/18. We focus on pressing ethical issues related to the use of deep brain stimulation (DBS), adaptive DBS (aDBS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and associated technologies. The neuroethics issues we address include privacy, continued access to devices, device removal, do-it-yourself neurostimulation, neuroenhancement, media coverage, changes in personal identity and agency, informed consent, and neuromodulation in minors. This review should be of assistance to a variety of stakeholders, including neurotechnology developers, as they make important decisions that will drive these neurotechnologies.
本文回顾了神经调节技术的开发、转化和使用过程中出现的神经伦理学问题。我们检索了三个电子数据库（PubMed、Embase和PhilPapers），以查找2016年1月1日至2018年6月26日期间发表的相关文章。我们关注与深部脑刺激（DBS）、适应性深部脑刺激（aDBS）、经颅磁刺激（TMS）、经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）及相关技术使用有关的紧迫伦理问题。我们探讨的神经伦理学问题包括隐私、设备的持续使用、设备移除、自行神经刺激、神经增强、媒体报道、个人身份和行为能力的变化、知情同意以及未成年人的神经调节。本综述应能帮助包括神经技术开发者在内的各类利益相关者做出推动这些神经技术发展的重要决策。
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