Sohn C, Grotepass J, Schneider W, Funk A, Sohn G, Jensch P, Fendel H, Ameling W, Jung H
Abteilung Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der RWTH Aachen.
Z Geburtshilfe Perinatol. 1988 Nov-Dec;192(6):241-8.
In the study reported here three-dimensional sonographic imaging of organs was achieved for the first time. To make this possible it was first necessary to ensure, by appropriate guidance of the probe, that the sequence of sonographic sections was coordinated in their spatial arrangement. This was accomplished by constructing a probe guide with which parallel sonographic sections could be demonstrated. The distance between these sections was known, so that with the aid of suitable computer programs three-dimensional reconstruction of a kidney examined in a water bath was possible. Since, however, due to the uneven surface of the body, it will hardly be possible to obtain parallel sonographic sections of an organ, a new solution had to be found to ensure the necessary coordinated sequence of sections. The solution lay in rotating the probe. A further device was constructed in which the probe could be rotated farther, by known angles, from section to section. The pivotal point was at the center of the probe tip. The computer knew the angular distance between these sections and reconstruction to a three-dimensional image was therefore possible. Prior the three-dimensional reconstruction the ultrasonographic sections had to be contoured, since only the surface of the organ was available for three-dimensional image construction. Three-dimensional imaging of an organ can be achieved on the one hand by binary representation and on the other with a continuous organ surface. The advantage of binary representation is that the original sonographic data are incorporated in the image-producing process without any computer manipulation; with a continuous surface the distance between the individual sections has to be interpolated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在本文报道的研究中，首次实现了器官的三维超声成像。为了做到这一点，首先必须通过探头的适当引导，确保超声断层的序列在空间排列上相互协调。这是通过构建一个探头导向装置来实现的，利用该装置可以显示平行的超声断层。这些断层之间的距离是已知的，因此借助合适的计算机程序，可以对在水浴中检查的肾脏进行三维重建。然而，由于身体表面不平整，几乎不可能获得器官的平行超声断层，因此必须找到一种新的解决方案来确保所需的断层协调序列。解决方案是旋转探头。还构建了另一种装置，在该装置中探头可以以已知角度逐断层进一步旋转。枢轴点位于探头尖端的中心。计算机知道这些断层之间的角距离，因此可以重建三维图像。在进行三维重建之前，必须对超声断层进行轮廓描绘，因为只有器官表面可用于构建三维图像。器官的三维成像一方面可以通过二进制表示实现，另一方面可以通过连续的器官表面实现。二进制表示的优点是原始超声数据在图像生成过程中无需任何计算机处理即可纳入；对于连续表面，必须对各个断层之间的距离进行插值。（摘要截于250字）
