Department of Entomology, University of Idaho, Southwest Idaho Research & Extension Center, Parma, ID.
Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT.
J Econ Entomol. 2019 May 22;112(3):1130-1137. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy430.
Larvae of Prionus californicus Motschulsky feed on the roots of many woody perennial plants and are economically important pests of hop Humulus lupulus L. (Urticales: Cannabaceae) and sweet cherry Prunus avium (L.) (Magnoliopsida: Rosaceae) in the United States Pacific Northwest and Intermountain West. Adult males are strongly attracted to a volatile sex pheromone, (3R,5S)-3,5-dimethyldodecanoic acid, produced by females. Here, we summarize the results of field experiments evaluating the synthetic pheromone in a blend of all four possible stereoisomers as a means for managing P. californicus in hop yards and sweet cherry orchards by mating disruption (MD). Mean capture of male beetles was lower, in all 3 yr of the study, from plots in commercial hop yards and sweet cherry orchards treated with synthetic P. californicus pheromone than from similar, untreated plots. Although trap catch was lower in sweet cherry, relative differences between trap catches from MD and nonmating disruption plots were similar to that seen in hop yards. The number of P. californicus larvae recovered from plots in hop yards treated for three consecutive growing seasons with synthetic pheromone was lower than in similar plots that were not treated with the pheromone or treated with the soil fumigant ethoprop. Our research demonstrates that deployment of synthetic P. californicus pheromone effectively reduces mate-finding by males, can effectively reduce larvae populations in pheromone-treated hop yards, and thus, has excellent potential for managing P. californicus in hop, sweet cherry, and perhaps in other crops where it or Prionus species are pests.
加利福尼亚锯花天牛幼虫以多种木本多年生植物的根系为食，是美国太平洋西北地区和山间西部啤酒花 Humulus lupulus L.（荨麻目：大麻科）和甜樱桃 Prunus avium（L.）（木兰纲：蔷薇科）的重要经济害虫。雄性成虫对由雌性产生的挥发性性信息素（3R，5S）-3，5-二甲基十二烷酸具有强烈的吸引力。在这里，我们总结了田间试验的结果，评估了合成信息素在所有四个可能的立体异构体混合物中的效果，作为通过交配干扰（MD）来管理啤酒花田和甜樱桃果园中加利福尼亚锯花天牛的方法。在研究的 3 年中，与未处理的相似地块相比，来自商业啤酒花田和甜樱桃果园中用合成加利福尼亚锯花天牛信息素处理的地块中雄性甲虫的平均捕获量较低。尽管在甜樱桃中诱捕量较低，但 MD 和非交配干扰地块之间的诱捕量差异与啤酒花田相似。在连续三个生长季节用合成信息素处理的啤酒花田地块中回收的加利福尼亚锯花天牛幼虫数量低于未用信息素或土壤熏蒸剂乙草胺处理的相似地块。我们的研究表明，部署合成加利福尼亚锯花天牛信息素可有效减少雄性的觅偶行为，有效降低信息素处理的啤酒花田幼虫种群，因此，在管理加利福尼亚锯花天牛、甜樱桃以及其他可能存在该种或锯花天牛属害虫的作物方面具有巨大潜力。
