Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong.
Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong; Institute of Environment, Energy and Sustainability, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong; Stanley Ho Big Data Decision Analytics Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Apr 20;662:385-392. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.116. Epub 2019 Jan 12.
Air pollution has become an adverse environmental problem in China, resulting in serious public health impacts. This study advanced and applied the CMAQ adjoint model to quantitatively assess the source-receptor relationships between surface ozone (O) changes over different receptor regions and precursor emissions across all locations in China. Five receptor regions were defined based on the administrative division, including northern China (NC), southern China (SC), Pearl River Delta region (PRD), Yangtz River Delta region (YRD), and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (BTH). Our results identified the different influential pathways of atmospheric processes and emissions to O pollution. We found that the atmospheric processes such as horizontal and vertical advection could offset the O removal through chemical reactions in VOC-limited areas inside the receptor regions. In addition, O pollution can be induced by transport of O directly or its precursors. Our results of relative source contributions to O show that transboundary O pollution was significant in SC, NC and YRD, while the O pollution in PRD and BTH were more contributed by local sources. Anhui, Hubei and Jiangsu provinces were the three largest source areas of NO and VOC emissions to O in SC (>52%) and YRD (>69%). NO and VOC emissions from Tianjin and Beijing were the largest contributors to O in NC (>34%) and BTH (>51%). PRD was the dominant source areas of NO (>89%) and VOC emissions (~98%) to its own regional O.
空气污染已成为中国的一个不利环境问题，对公众健康造成了严重影响。本研究推进并应用 CMAQ 伴随模型，定量评估了不同受体区域地表臭氧 (O) 变化与中国各地所有位置前体排放之间的源-汇关系。根据行政区划，定义了五个受体区域，包括华北地区 (NC)、华南地区 (SC)、珠江三角洲地区 (PRD)、长江三角洲地区 (YRD) 和北京-天津-河北地区 (BTH)。我们的结果确定了大气过程和排放对 O 污染的不同影响途径。我们发现，大气过程（如水平和垂直平流）可以抵消受体区域内 VOC 限制区域中化学反应引起的 O 去除。此外，O 污染可以通过 O 及其前体的传输而引起。我们对 O 的相对源贡献的结果表明，跨境 O 污染在 SC、NC 和 YRD 地区很显著，而 PRD 和 BTH 地区的 O 污染则更多地由当地源引起。安徽、湖北和江苏省是 SC 和 YRD 地区 O 形成的最大的 NO 和 VOC 排放源区 (>52%)。天津和北京的 NO 和 VOC 排放对 NC (>34%) 和 BTH (>51%) 的 O 贡献最大。PRD 是其自身区域 O 的最大的 NO (>89%) 和 VOC 排放源区 (~98%)。
