Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management Studies and Commerce, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka.
Waste Manag. 2019 Feb 1;84:194-203. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.11.030. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
The large-scale solid waste generation has been a critical issue in the world today. The absence of a sound national policy for Solid Waste Management (SWM) has caused tremendous negative environmental consequences in Sri Lanka. Despite various programs being implemented by the Municipal Councils and other local governments with the relevant authorities in managing solid waste, most of them have not been successful. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to examine major factors affecting successful policy implementation of the SWM. Further, the study identifies problems and challenges faced in the implementation of SWM. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to gather primary and secondary data. Interview and in-depth discussions were conducted with selected officers who are responsible for implementation of SWM system to identify problems and challenges at the implementation level. Among the 48 LGs in the Western Province, 50% (twenty-four) LGs were selected based on the stratified random sampling method for the quantitative analysis. Normally, in each LG, five officers are responsible for SWM. There are 10 officers in the Colombo Municipal Council who are responsible for SWM. Thus, the total population is 245. Thus, the sample is 125. The sample was consisting of Administrative Heads, Public Health Officer and related officers of each Local Government. A field survey was carried out with a structured questionnaire based on the literature review focusing on the variables of the study. The questionnaire was administered by a Research Assistant. The study found that the remuneration and other facilities of the staff, their commitment, the motivation and the support from the political leadership, the contribution of the society and the business community are significantly affecting the successful implementation of the SWM program. The SWM has not been successful at its implementation stage due to some administrative problems such as insufficient land for final dumping, composting and recycling, lack of necessary vehicles and an integrated SWM programme, lack of necessary instruments and modern technology, poor regulatory framework, lower labor productivity and quantity, lack of awareness of residents and inappropriate political interference. Finally, the study proposes policy recommendations for addressing those administrative problems and challenges towards efficient and effective solid waste management in the local governments in Sri Lanka.
大规模固体废物的产生是当今世界的一个关键问题。由于缺乏健全的固体废物管理（SWM）国家政策，斯里兰卡造成了巨大的负面环境后果。尽管市政委员会和其他地方政府与相关当局实施了各种计划来管理固体废物，但大多数计划都没有成功。因此，本研究的主要目的是研究影响 SWM 成功实施的主要因素。此外，该研究还确定了 SWM 实施中面临的问题和挑战。本研究采用定性和定量方法收集原始数据和二手数据。与负责实施 SWM 系统的选定官员进行了访谈和深入讨论，以确定实施层面的问题和挑战。在西部省的 48 个 LG 中，根据分层随机抽样方法选择了 50%（24 个）LG 进行定量分析。通常，在每个 LG 中，有 5 名官员负责 SWM。科伦坡市议会有 10 名负责 SWM 的官员。因此，总人口为 245 人。因此，样本为 125 人。样本由每个地方政府的行政负责人、公共卫生官员和相关官员组成。根据文献综述，基于关注研究变量的结构化问卷进行了实地调查。问卷由研究助理管理。研究发现，工作人员的薪酬和其他设施、他们的承诺、政治领导层的激励和支持、社会和企业界的贡献，对 SWM 计划的成功实施有重大影响。由于一些行政问题，如最终倾倒、堆肥和回收的土地不足、缺乏必要的车辆和综合 SWM 计划、缺乏必要的工具和现代技术、监管框架薄弱、劳动力生产率和数量低、居民缺乏意识以及不适当的政治干预，SWM 在实施阶段一直不成功。最后，本研究提出了政策建议，以解决这些行政问题和挑战，实现斯里兰卡地方政府高效和有效的固体废物管理。
