Adatara Peter, Afaya Agani, Salia Solomon Mohammed, Afaya Richard Adongo, Konlan Kennedy Diema, Agyabeng-Fandoh Eric, Agbinku Ethel, Ayandayo Esther Aku, Boahene Irene Gifty
School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2019 Jan 1;2019:9369051. doi: 10.1155/2019/9369051. eCollection 2019.
Worldwide, neonatal sepsis accounts for an estimated 26% of under-five deaths, with sub-Saharan Africa having the highest mortality rates. Though worldwide neonatal deaths have decreased by over 3.6 million per year since 2000, neonatal sepsis remains a notable hindrance to the progress in the decline of cause-specific mortality rates especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed at examining the risk factors of neonatal sepsis at the Trauma and Specialist Hospital, Winneba. The study was an unmatched case control retrospective study. Cases were neonates who had sepsis with their index mothers and controls were neonates who did not have sepsis with their index mothers. Neonatal and maternal medical records were retrieved from January to December 2017. Data abstraction lasted for one month and 2650 folders for the neonates and their index mothers were retrieved. Nine hundred (900) neonatal folders were considered valid for the study and likewise for the maternal folders. One hundred and three (103) folders were considered cases while 797 were considered as controls. Data were entered using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 22. Logistic regression was used to determine the risk of neonatal sepsis. Maternal factors that predicted the occurrence of sepsis among neonates were parity (<0.027), mode of delivery (<0.001), bleeding disorder (<0.001), and PROM (<0.001). Neonatal risk factors which predicted the occurrence of sepsis were APGAR score in the first and fifth minute (<0.001), resuscitation at birth (<0.004), duration of stay in the facility (<0.001), and neonatal age on admission (<0.001). The study found both maternal and neonatal factors to have a strong association with the risk of developing neonatal sepsis. Encouraging maternal antenatal care utilization would help identify the risk factors during prenatal and postnatal care and appropriate interventions implemented to reduce the likelihood of the neonate developing sepsis.
在全球范围内，新生儿败血症估计占五岁以下儿童死亡人数的26%，撒哈拉以南非洲的死亡率最高。尽管自2000年以来全球新生儿死亡人数每年减少超过360万，但新生儿败血症仍然是导致特定病因死亡率下降的显著障碍，尤其是在撒哈拉以南非洲。本研究旨在调查温尼巴创伤专科医院新生儿败血症的危险因素。该研究是一项非匹配病例对照回顾性研究。病例为患有败血症的新生儿及其索引母亲，对照为未患有败血症的新生儿及其索引母亲。从2017年1月至12月检索新生儿和母亲的病历。数据提取持续了一个月，共检索了2650份新生儿及其索引母亲的文件夹。900份新生儿文件夹被认为对该研究有效，母亲文件夹也是如此。103份文件夹被视为病例，797份被视为对照。数据使用社会科学统计软件包第22版录入。采用逻辑回归确定新生儿败血症的风险。预测新生儿败血症发生的母亲因素有产次（<0.027）、分娩方式（<0.001）、出血性疾病（<0.001）和胎膜早破（<0.001）。预测败血症发生的新生儿危险因素有第一分钟和第五分钟的阿氏评分（<0.001）、出生时复苏（<0.004）、在医疗机构的住院时间（<0.001）和入院时的新生儿年龄（<0.001）。该研究发现母亲和新生儿因素均与新生儿败血症发生风险密切相关。鼓励母亲利用产前护理有助于在产前和产后护理中识别危险因素，并实施适当干预措施以降低新生儿发生败血症的可能性。
