Boti Negussie, Bekele Tezera, Godana Wanzahun, Getahun Eskeziyaw, Gebremeskel Feleke, Tsegaye Behailu, Oumer Bilcha
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Int J Reprod Med. 2018 Dec 31;2018:2365362. doi: 10.1155/2018/2365362. eCollection 2018.
Iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women is one of the most common public health problems in developing country particularly in Ethiopia. Iron/folic acid supplementation with optimal adherence is the main cost-effective strategy for prevention and control of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women. However, level of adherence to iron/folic acid supplementation and its associated factors were not well identified in study area. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the level of adherence to iron/folic acid supplementation and associated factors among pregnant women in Burji Districts, southern Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 317 pregnant women in Burji Districts from March to April 2017 using interviewer administered questionnaires. Data were entered into Epi Info 3.5.1 and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Binary and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with iron/folic acid supplementation. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value <0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.
Among women participating in the study, 163(51.4%) were adherent to iron/folate acid supplementation. Factors significantly associated with adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation were maternal educational status (AOR: 2.47, 95% CI: 1.13-4.97), early registration for ANC (AOR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.45 - 4.27), history of anemia during current pregnancy (AOR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.09-3.72), and knowledge about iron and folic acid supplementation (AOR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.02-3.76). Forgetfulness and fear of side effects were among the leading reasons of pregnant women for nonadherence to iron and folic acid supplementation.
This study revealed that adherence to iron /folic acid supplementation was found to be 51.4%. Maternal educational status, early registration for ANC, history of anemia during current pregnancy, and knowledge about iron and folic acid supplementation were significant factors associated with adherence to iron/folic acid supplementation among pastoralist's pregnant women. Therefore, anemia prevention strategy should include strengthening giving awareness, counseling, strengthening community health education, and participation in health programs which are necessary to improve the uptake of iron/folic acid supplements.
孕妇缺铁性贫血是发展中国家尤其是埃塞俄比亚最常见的公共卫生问题之一。以最佳依从性补充铁/叶酸是预防和控制孕妇缺铁性贫血的主要具有成本效益的策略。然而，在研究地区，铁/叶酸补充剂的依从水平及其相关因素尚未得到很好的确定。因此，本研究的目的是确定埃塞俄比亚南部布尔吉地区孕妇对铁/叶酸补充剂的依从水平及其相关因素。
2017年3月至4月，在布尔吉地区对317名孕妇进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究，使用访谈员管理的问卷。数据录入Epi Info 3.5.1，并导出到SPSS 20.0版本进行分析。采用二元和多变量逻辑回归来确定与铁/叶酸补充相关的因素。使用调整后的比值比（AOR）和95%置信区间（CI）以及p值<0.05来判定统计学意义。
参与研究的女性中，163名（51.4%）坚持补充铁/叶酸。与坚持补充铁和叶酸显著相关的因素有产妇教育状况（AOR：2.47，95%CI：1.13 - 4.97）、产前检查早期登记（AOR：2.49，95%CI：1.45 - 4.27）、本次孕期贫血史（AOR：2.02，95%CI：1.09 - 3.72）以及对铁和叶酸补充的了解（AOR：1.96，95%CI：1.02 - 3.76）。遗忘和对副作用的恐惧是孕妇不坚持补充铁和叶酸的主要原因。
本研究表明，铁/叶酸补充剂的依从率为51.4%。产妇教育状况、产前检查早期登记、本次孕期贫血史以及对铁和叶酸补充的了解是与牧民孕妇坚持补充铁/叶酸显著相关的因素。因此，贫血预防策略应包括加强宣传、咨询、强化社区健康教育以及参与改善铁/叶酸补充剂摄入量所需的健康项目。
