Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Stratton Hall, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Division of Public Health, Michigan State University, 200 East 1st Street, Flint, MI, 48502, USA.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2019 Sep;28(9):1193-1202. doi: 10.1007/s00787-018-01267-4. Epub 2019 Jan 29.
Eating disorders (EDs) are associated with significant psychological and physical comorbidities, and adolescence is a particularly high-risk time for the development of EDs. Impulsivity (i.e., acting with little conscious judgment or forethought) and affect reactivity (i.e., changes in negative affect in response to a stressor) are hypothesized to contribute to the development of binge/purge ED pathology. The current study is the first to examine the prospective relationships between impulsivity and affect reactivity as predictors of the development of ED attitudes in adolescents over time. Two hundred six adolescents participated in a longitudinal study examining the development of psychopathology. ED attitudes were assessed via the College Eating Disorders Screen annually for 6 years. Baseline impulsivity and affect reactivity were also assessed. Affect reactivity, impulsivity, and their interaction were examined as baseline predictors of changes in ED attitudes over time using latent growth modeling. Results of latent growth modeling indicated that ED attitudes increased over time. The interaction between impulsivity and affect reactivity significantly predicted the slope of ED attitudes, such that the relationship between impulsivity and ED attitudes was strongest for those with elevated levels of affect reactivity. Findings suggest that greater levels of affect reactivity and impulsivity are key risk factors for the development of ED attitudes in adolescents. Subsequent research should examine the relation between affect reactivity and impulsivity in predicting objectively measured ED behaviors, in addition to ED attitudes. Further investigation may implicate affect reactivity and impulsivity as important targets for early intervention to prevent onset of ED symptoms in adolescents.
进食障碍（EDs）与显著的心理和生理共病有关，青春期是 ED 发展的高风险时期。冲动（即，在没有有意识的判断或深思熟虑的情况下行动）和情绪反应性（即，对压力源的负性情绪变化）被假设为促成暴食/清除 ED 病理的发展。目前的研究首次检查了冲动和情绪反应性作为预测青少年随时间发展 ED 态度的前瞻性关系。206 名青少年参加了一项纵向研究，该研究检查了心理病理学的发展。ED 态度通过大学饮食失调筛查量表每年评估 6 年。还评估了基线冲动和情绪反应性。使用潜在增长模型，使用潜在增长模型检查情绪反应性、冲动及其相互作用作为随时间变化的 ED 态度变化的基线预测因子。潜在增长模型的结果表明，ED 态度随时间推移而增加。冲动和情绪反应性之间的相互作用显著预测了 ED 态度的斜率，即对于情绪反应性水平较高的个体，冲动与 ED 态度之间的关系最强。研究结果表明，较高水平的情绪反应性和冲动性是青少年 ED 态度发展的关键风险因素。后续研究应检查情绪反应性和冲动性在预测客观测量的 ED 行为中的关系，除了 ED 态度。进一步的调查可能表明情绪反应性和冲动性是早期干预的重要目标，以防止青少年出现 ED 症状。
