Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh, Taheri Mohammad
Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Cell Physiol. 2019 Sep;234(9):14581-14600. doi: 10.1002/jcp.28176. Epub 2019 Jan 28.
The long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) Colon Cancer-Associated Transcripts 1 and 2 (CCAT1 and CCAT2) are located in a recurrently amplified region in cancers. Their proximity with the Myc oncogene and their interactions with its promoter provided further evidence for their contribution in the tumorigenesis processes. Several cell line and clinical studies have shown upregulation of these lncRNAs in diverse malignancies. Moreover, some single nucleotide variants within these genes have been associated with cancer risk or therapeutic response in different populations. Besides, these two lncRNAs act as sponges for some tumor suppressor microRNAs (miRNAs), thus promoting cancer evolution. In the current study, we review recent literature about their expression level, interaction with cancer-related pathways, their role in determination of cell fate and their contribution in malignant phenotype characteristics. Taken together, the current literature shows that these lncRNAs are putative targets for design of novel treatment strategies. Moreover, their expression levels in biopsied samples, exosomes, and sera of patients might be applied as diagnostic biomarkers or markers for patient follow-up.
长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）结肠癌相关转录本1和2（CCAT1和CCAT2）位于癌症中一个反复扩增的区域。它们与Myc癌基因的邻近性及其与Myc启动子的相互作用，为它们在肿瘤发生过程中的作用提供了进一步证据。多项细胞系和临床研究表明，这些lncRNA在多种恶性肿瘤中上调。此外，这些基因内的一些单核苷酸变异与不同人群的癌症风险或治疗反应相关。此外，这两种lncRNA充当某些肿瘤抑制性微小RNA（miRNA）的海绵，从而促进癌症进展。在本研究中，我们综述了关于它们的表达水平、与癌症相关通路的相互作用、在细胞命运决定中的作用以及在恶性表型特征中的作用的最新文献。综上所述，现有文献表明，这些lncRNA是设计新型治疗策略的潜在靶点。此外，它们在患者活检样本、外泌体和血清中的表达水平可作为诊断生物标志物或用于患者随访的标志物。
