Crespo M, Cazorla F M, de Vicente A, Arrebola E, Torés J A, Maymon M, Freeman S, Aoki T, O'Donnell K
Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain.
Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Algarrobo-Costa, 29750, Málaga, Spain.
Plant Dis. 2016 Feb;100(2):276-286. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-02-15-0153-RE. Epub 2015 Dec 1.
Mango malformation disease (MMD) has become an important global disease affecting this crop. The aim of this study was to identify the main causal agents of MMD in the Axarquía region of southern Spain and determine their genetic diversity. Fusarium mangiferae was previously described in the Axarquía region but it represented only one-third of the fusaria recovered from malformed trees. In the present work, fusaria associated with MMD were analyzed by arbitrary primed polymerase chain reaction (ap-PCR), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), vegetative compatibility grouping (VCG), a PCR screen for mating type idiomorph, and phylogenetic analyses of multilocus DNA sequence data to identify and characterize the genetic diversity of the MMD pathogens. These analyses confirmed that 92 of the isolates were F. tupiense, which was previously only known from Brazil and Senegal. In addition, two isolates of a putatively novel MMD pathogen were discovered, nested within the African clade of the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex. The F. tupiense isolates all belonged to VCG I, which was first described in Brazil, and the 11 isolates tested showed pathogenicity on mango seedlings. Including the prior discovery of F. mangiferae, three exotic MMD pathogenic species have been found in southern Spain, which suggests multiple independent introductions of MMD pathogens in the Axarquía region.
芒果畸形病（MMD）已成为影响这种作物的一种重要的全球性病害。本研究的目的是鉴定西班牙南部阿萨克里亚地区芒果畸形病的主要病原体，并确定其遗传多样性。此前在阿萨克里亚地区已描述过芒果镰孢菌，但它仅占从畸形树中分离出的镰孢菌的三分之一。在本研究中，通过任意引物聚合酶链反应（ap-PCR）、随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）、营养体亲和群（VCG）分析、交配型特异性PCR筛选以及多位点DNA序列数据的系统发育分析，对与芒果畸形病相关的镰孢菌进行分析，以鉴定和表征芒果畸形病病原体的遗传多样性。这些分析证实，92株分离株为图皮镰孢菌，此前仅在巴西和塞内加尔发现过。此外，还发现了两株可能是新型芒果畸形病病原体的分离株，它们嵌套在藤仓镰孢菌复合种的非洲分支内。所有图皮镰孢菌分离株均属于VCG I，该类型最初在巴西被描述，对11株分离株进行芒果幼苗致病性测试，结果显示其具有致病性。包括之前发现的芒果镰孢菌，在西班牙南部已发现三种外来的芒果畸形病致病物种，这表明阿萨克里亚地区的芒果畸形病病原体存在多次独立引入的情况。
