Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, P. R. China.
Food Funct. 2019 Feb 20;10(2):903-911. doi: 10.1039/c8fo01753k.
Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (PCR, Citrus reticulata 'Chachi', Guangchenpi in Chinese) is one of the most famous Chinese citrus herbal medicines. The in vivo anti-asthmatic activity of 'Chachi' PCR was investigated using a histamine-induced experimental asthma model in Guinea pigs. Two alkaloid-type compounds, synephrine and stachydrine, were analyzed and identified in the 'Chachi' PCR alkaloid fraction. The alkaloid fraction and synephrine protected Guinea pigs against histamine-induced experimental asthma in a dose-dependent manner. The respective application of high, middle, and low doses of the 'Chachi' PCR alkaloid fraction significantly increased specific airway resistance by 284%, 328%, and 355%, and decreased dynamic compliance by 57%, 67%, and 75%. A similar change was observed for synephrine. The expression of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum IgE, IL-4, and IL-5 levels in histamine-induced experimental asthmatic Guinea pigs were significantly downregulated by the 'Chachi' PCR alkaloid fraction and synephrine compared to the control group, whereas stachydrine did not impart a statistically significant effect on the expression of tested inflammatory cells (leucocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes), immunoglobulin (IgE), or cytokines (IL-4 and IL-5). Pathological changes in lung tissues in each treatment group included the infiltration of inflammatory cells around the bronchia.
陈皮（Citrus reticulata 'Chachi'，中文名为广陈皮）是最著名的中国柑橘类草药之一。本研究采用组胺诱导的实验性哮喘豚鼠模型，研究了'Chachi'PCR 的体内抗哮喘活性。从'Chachi'PCR 生物碱部分中分析和鉴定出两种生物碱型化合物：辛弗林和盐酸育亨宾。生物碱部分和辛弗林以剂量依赖性方式保护豚鼠免受组胺诱导的实验性哮喘。'Chachi'PCR 生物碱部分的高、中、低剂量应用分别使特定气道阻力显著增加 284%、328%和 355%，并使动态顺应性降低 57%、67%和 75%。辛弗林也观察到类似的变化。与对照组相比，'Chachi'PCR 生物碱部分和辛弗林显著下调了组胺诱导的实验性哮喘豚鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）和血清 IgE、IL-4 和 IL-5 水平中嗜酸性粒细胞的表达，而盐酸育亨宾对测试炎症细胞（白细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞）、免疫球蛋白（IgE）或细胞因子（IL-4 和 IL-5）的表达没有显著影响。每个治疗组的肺组织病理学变化包括支气管周围炎性细胞浸润。
