Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
Turning Point, Eastern Health, 110 Church Street, Richmond, VIC, 3121, Australia.
J Gambl Stud. 2019 Dec;35(4):1407-1421. doi: 10.1007/s10899-019-09829-0.
Although most gamblers set limits on their gambling and stick to them most of the time, there are times when limits are breached (a 'bust'). Little is known about the prevalence, reasons for and strategies to address busts despite associated harms with a single bust. This mixed methods study used an online survey with a sample of electronic gaming machine gamblers. A total of 104 gamblers were recruited from 11 Australian gambling venues and almost half (45%) reported a bust in the past 12 months. The amount of money spent on the bust ranged from $20 to $1500 AUD (M = $446, SD = $402). The presence of a bust was positively associated with the amount of money spent in the past 30 days, and self-reported greater gambling related harms and greater gambling severity. Reasons for busts included both distal (pre-venue) factors (i.e., negative affect, lapse in intentions to set a limit, needing to win money) and proximal (inside venue) factors (i.e., chasing losses, wins or spins, social facilitation and losing money too quickly). Bust-prevention strategies identified by participants were both distal (e.g., avoid gambling altogether, leave cards or cash at home, set a time or money limit) and proximal (e.g., walk away when losing and change the manner of gambling). As busts are relative to a priori limits, gamblers at any level of gambling severity can experience a bust. Repeated busts may be an indicator of loss of control and a progression towards problem gambling. Interventions need to focus on factors that mitigate the risk of a bust (e.g., pre-commitment) and that assist gamblers to stick to their limits all of the time.
虽然大多数赌徒都会设定赌博的限制，并在大多数时间内遵守这些限制，但有时也会突破这些限制（即“爆仓”）。尽管单次爆仓会带来相关危害，但人们对爆仓的普遍程度、原因以及应对策略知之甚少。本混合方法研究使用了一项在线调查，样本为电子赌博机赌徒。总共从澳大利亚的 11 个赌博场所以及网上招募了 104 名赌徒，其中近一半（45%）的人在过去 12 个月内报告了爆仓。爆仓所花费的金额从 20 澳元到 1500 澳元不等（M = 446，SD = 402）。爆仓的存在与过去 30 天内的花费金额呈正相关，并且与自我报告的更大的赌博相关危害和更严重的赌博程度呈正相关。爆仓的原因包括远端（即赌场外）因素（例如，负面情绪、意图突破限制的念头减弱、需要赢钱）和近端（即赌场内）因素（例如，追损失、赢钱或旋转、社交促进和输钱过快）。参与者提出的爆仓预防策略包括远端（例如，完全避免赌博、将卡片或现金留在家中、设定时间或金钱限制）和近端（例如，输钱时就离开、改变赌博方式）策略。由于爆仓与事先设定的限制有关，因此任何程度的赌徒都可能经历爆仓。多次爆仓可能是失去控制的指标，也是赌瘾问题发展的迹象。干预措施需要侧重于降低爆仓风险的因素（例如，预先承诺），并帮助赌徒始终遵守自己的限制。
