年轻人说谎的现象及其与人格和认知的关系。
The Phenomenology of Lying in Young Adults and Relationships with Personality and Cognition.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 3077, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
出版信息
Psychiatr Q. 2019 Jun;90(2):361-369. doi: 10.1007/s11126-018-9623-2.
Despite research suggesting that lying may be a normal aspect of development and a fairly frequent occurrence in many adults, surprisingly little is known about its phenomenology and possible associations with relevant personality traits and cognitive functions. University students were invited to participate in an online study, which included a 91-item questionnaire and four neurocognitive tasks (selected to focus on frontal lobe function). The survey included questions about frequency of lying and reasons for doing so, mental health history, personality traits, religiosity, and insight into lying. Those who lied daily ("Daily Liars") were compared to those who lied less frequently ("Non-Daily Liars"). 18.1% of the sample reported lying every day. Daily Liars showed worse grade point averages, quality of life, and self-esteem. Daily Lying was associated with negative functional impact on school, social, and family/home domains. We did not find evidence that is was associated with frontal lobe dysfunction on the cognitive tasks examined.
尽管研究表明，说谎可能是发展过程中的一个正常方面，也是许多成年人中相当常见的现象，但关于说谎的现象学及其与相关人格特质和认知功能的可能关联，人们知之甚少。研究人员邀请大学生参与一项在线研究，其中包括一份 91 项的问卷和四项神经认知任务（选择这些任务是为了关注额叶功能）。该调查包括关于说谎频率和说谎原因、心理健康史、人格特质、宗教信仰以及对说谎的洞察力的问题。那些每天说谎的人（“每日说谎者”）与那些不太常说谎的人（“非每日说谎者”）进行了比较。样本中有 18.1%的人每天都在说谎。“每日说谎者”的平均绩点、生活质量和自尊心较差。“每日说谎”与学校、社交和家庭/住宅领域的负面功能影响有关。我们没有发现证据表明，它与我们所研究的认知任务中的额叶功能障碍有关。
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