Yatsyshina S B, Renteeva A N, Valdokhina A V, Elkina M A, Speranskaya A S, Pimkina E V, Mintaev R R, Markelov M L, Maleev V V
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 2016 Sep(5):60-72.
Establish genetic characteristics, carry out phylogenetic analysis and determination of molecular markers of resistance to etiotropic preparations against influenza A/H3N2 and B viruses that had circulated in Russia in 2013 - 2015.
80 biological samples containing influenza A/H3N2 virus RNA and 31 samples containing influenza B virus RNA were studied. Sequencing of PCR fragments was carried out inABI-3 100 PRIZMTM GeneticAnalyzer (AppliedBiosystems, USA) and using MiSeq (Illumina, USA). Data treatment and analysis was carried out using CLC v.3.6.5., DNASTAR and BioNumerics v.6.5. programs.
In 2013 -2014 A/Texas/50/2012-like-clade 3C.3 influenza A/H3N2 viruses dominated, 10% belonged to subclade 3C.2a and 10% - to 3C.3b. Most of the viruses (8 1%) of 2014 - 2015 were of 3C.2a clade, the portion of viruses belonging to 3C.3b and 3C.3a was 9 and 10%. Yamagata-like viruses predominated among the studied influenza B viruses, only 1 virus of 2014 - 2015 belonged to Victoria lineage, 1 reassortant of Yamagata and Victoria lineages was detected. Rimantadine- resistance mutationS3 lN(M2 protein) was detected in all the influenza A/H3N2 viruses. Mutations determining resistance to oseltamivir (NA gene) were not detected in influenza A/H3N2 and B viruses.
Increase of influenza morbidity in 2014 - 2015 was determined by the emergence of influenza A/H3N2 and B viruses, antigenically distinct from those that had circulated previously and those included into the vaccine, thus resulting in the WHO decision to change A/ H3N2 and B components of the 2015 - 2016 vaccine: Simultaneous circulation of 2 lineages of influenza B virus and emergence of their reassortants gives evidence on the necessity of use of quadrivalent vaccines, containing both lineages.
确定2013 - 2015年在俄罗斯流行的甲型H3N2流感病毒和乙型流感病毒针对特效制剂的耐药性的遗传特征，进行系统发育分析并确定分子标记。
研究了80份含有甲型H3N2流感病毒RNA的生物样本和31份含有乙型流感病毒RNA的样本。PCR片段测序在ABI - 3100 PRIZM TM基因分析仪（美国应用生物系统公司）和使用MiSeq（美国Illumina公司）上进行。使用CLC v.3.6.5、DNASTAR和BioNumerics v.6.5程序进行数据处理和分析。
2013 - 2014年，A/德州/50/2012样 - 3C.3分支的甲型H3N2流感病毒占主导，10%属于3C.2a亚分支，10%属于3C.3b。2014 - 2015年的大多数病毒（81%）属于3C.2a分支，属于3C.3b和3C.3a的病毒比例分别为9%和10%。在研究的乙型流感病毒中，山形系病毒占主导，2014 - 2015年只有1株病毒属于维多利亚系，检测到1株山形系和维多利亚系的重配病毒。在所有甲型H3N2流感病毒中均检测到金刚烷胺耐药突变S31N（M2蛋白）。在甲型H3N2流感病毒和乙型流感病毒中均未检测到决定对奥司他韦耐药的突变（NA基因）。
2014 - 2015年流感发病率的增加是由甲型H3N2流感病毒和乙型流感病毒的出现所致，这些病毒在抗原性上与先前流行的以及疫苗中所含的病毒不同，因此世界卫生组织决定更改2015 - 2016年疫苗的甲型H3N2和乙型成分：乙型流感病毒两个系的同时流行及其重配病毒的出现证明了使用包含两个系的四价疫苗的必要性。
