School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hang Kong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Jan 29;19(1):96. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-3688-x.
Lesotho has one of the highest rates of tuberculosis (TB) incidence and TB-HIV co-infection in the world. Our study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and associated factors towards TB in the general population of Lesotho.
A cross-sectional analysis from the Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey (LDHS) 2014 was carried out among 9247 respondents. We used the chi-square test as well as univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to assess the associations of socio-demographic variables with respondent knowledge of and attitude towards TB.
The overall knowledge of TB in the general population of Lesotho was adequate (59.9%). There was a significant difference between female and male respondents regarding knowledge about TB (67.0% vs. 41.8%). Almost 95% of respondents had "heard of an illness called tuberculosis", and 80.5% knew that TB can be cured. Only 11.5% knew the correct cause of TB (TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Female respondents were relatively aware of TB, knew about the correct cause and mode for transmission of TB and knew that TB is a curable disease compared to male respondents. A higher proportion of respondents (72.8%) had a positive attitude towards TB. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.45, 95% CI: 2.10-2.86; p < 0.001), age (AOR) =1.76, 95% CI: 1.29-2.41; p < 0.001), educational level (AOR = 6.26, 95% CI: 3.90-10.06; p < 0.001), formerly married or cohabitated (AOR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.10-1.85; p = 0.008), mass media exposure (AOR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.08-1.64; p = 0.008) and occupation (AOR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.00-1.44; p = 0.049) were strongly associated with respondent knowledge of TB. Sex (AOR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.01-1.41; p = 0.034), educational level (AOR = 1.661, 95% CI: 06-2.60; p = 0.028), mass media exposure (AOR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.06-1.62; p = 0.012) and occupation (AOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.04-1.52; p = 0.016) were strongly associated with respondent attitude towards TB.
Strategies to improve the knowledge of Lesotho's people about TB should focus on males, young residents, those who are illiterate, those who are unmarried and farmers. Special attention should be given to males, young residents, rural residents, those who are illiterate and farmers to improve their attitude towards TB in Lesotho.
莱索托是世界上结核病（TB）发病率和结核病-艾滋病合并感染率最高的国家之一。我们的研究旨在评估莱索托普通人群对结核病的知识、态度和相关因素。
对 2014 年莱索托人口与健康调查（LDHS）中的 9247 名受访者进行了横断面分析。我们使用卡方检验以及单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来评估社会人口统计学变量与受访者对结核病的知识和态度之间的关联。
莱索托普通人群对结核病的总体知识水平尚可（59.9%）。女性和男性受访者在结核病知识方面存在显著差异（67.0%比 41.8%）。几乎 95%的受访者听说过一种叫做结核病的疾病，80.5%的人知道结核病可以治愈。只有 11.5%的人知道结核病的正确病因（结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引起的）。与男性受访者相比，女性受访者对结核病的认识相对较高，了解结核病的正确病因和传播途径，并且知道结核病是一种可治愈的疾病。较高比例的受访者（72.8%）对结核病持积极态度。多变量逻辑回归分析表明，性别（调整后的优势比[AOR]为 2.45，95%置信区间[CI]：2.10-2.86；p<0.001）、年龄（AOR）=1.76，95%CI：1.29-2.41；p<0.001）、教育水平（AOR=6.26，95%CI：3.90-10.06；p<0.001）、曾经已婚或同居（AOR=1.42，95%CI：1.10-1.85；p=0.008）、大众媒体接触（AOR=1.33，95%CI：1.08-1.64；p=0.008）和职业（AOR=1.20，95%CI：1.00-1.44；p=0.049）与受访者对结核病的知识密切相关。性别（AOR=1.19，95%CI：1.01-1.41；p=0.034）、教育水平（AOR=1.661，95%CI：06-2.60；p=0.028）、大众媒体接触（AOR=1.31，95%CI：1.06-1.62；p=0.012）和职业（AOR=1.26，95%CI：1.04-1.52；p=0.016）与受访者对结核病的态度密切相关。
提高莱索托人民对结核病知识的策略应侧重于男性、年轻居民、文盲、未婚和农民。应特别关注男性、年轻居民、农村居民、文盲和农民，以改善他们对结核病的态度。
