Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontics, and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Head Face Med. 2019 Jan 29;15(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s13005-019-0188-6.
This study was conducted to assess the individual pain perception in sleep bruxism (SB) subjects. Moreover, the effects of a cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) compared to an occlusal appliance (OA) on pain perception and a possible continuative impact on several functional parameters were investigated.
A total of 57 SB subjects participated in this investigation. The diagnosis of SB was based on the clinical criteria of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). Twenty-eight SB subjects were randomly allocated to the CBT group and 29 to the OA group. The therapeutic intervention took place over a period of 12 weeks, whereby both groups were examined at baseline, immediately after termination of the intervention, and at a 6-month follow-up for pain perception and functional parameters. At each of the three measurement periods, participants completed the pain perception scale and ten functional/occlusal parameters were recorded.
Of the 12 parameters recorded, statistically significant main effects were found for the affective pain perception (p < 0.05) and for the three functional variables. Interestingly, the values obtained for the affective pain perception were considerably below that of a reference group. Apart from the determined statistically significant results, the values recorded for all functional/occlusal variables as well as those obtained for the sensory pain perception were clearly located within normative ranges.
Within the limitations of this study, it might be concluded that the significantly reduced affective pain perception in SB subjects is the expression of an adaptation mechanism.
本研究旨在评估睡眠磨牙症（SB）患者的个体疼痛感知。此外，还研究了认知行为疗法（CBT）与咬合矫治器（OA）对疼痛感知的影响，以及对几个功能参数的可能持续影响。
共有 57 名 SB 患者参与了本项研究。SB 的诊断基于美国睡眠医学学会（AASM）的临床标准。28 名 SB 患者被随机分配到 CBT 组，29 名分配到 OA 组。治疗干预持续 12 周，两组均在基线、干预结束后即刻和 6 个月随访时进行疼痛感知和功能参数检查。在三个测量期的每一个时期，参与者都完成了疼痛感知量表，记录了十个功能/咬合参数。
在记录的 12 个参数中，情感性疼痛感知（p<0.05）和三个功能变量均存在显著的主效应。有趣的是，情感性疼痛感知的数值明显低于参考组。除了确定的统计学显著结果外，所有功能/咬合变量的记录值以及感觉性疼痛感知的记录值都明显位于正常范围内。
在本研究的限制范围内，可以得出结论，SB 患者的情感性疼痛感知显著降低是一种适应机制的表达。
