Hammad Fayez T, Ojha Shreesh, Azimullah Shamsulislam, Lubbad Loay
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2018 Dec 25;10(6):163-171. eCollection 2018.
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) causes renal functional alterations which may lead to permanent renal impairment. β-caryophyllene (BCP), a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene, is an important constituent of many edible plants including spices. It is an FDA-approved food additive which possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and has been shown to protect against chemotherapeutics-induced organ toxicities and against ischemic injuries to heart, liver and brain. Oxidative stress and inflammation is a main accompaniment of renal dysfunction, however, the effect of BCP on IRI-induced renal dysfunction has not been investigated yet and therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of BCP on IRI-induced renal dysfunction.
Wistar rats underwent left renal warm ischemia for 40 minutes. G-BCP (n=13) received oral BCP (50 mg/kg/day) dissolved in a vehicle starting 7 days prior to IRI and continued 7 days thereafter when the renal functions of both kidneys and the markers of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured. G-Vx (n=13) underwent similar protocol but received vehicle only.
IRI affected hemodynamic (renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate) and tubular (urine volume, total and fractional urinary sodium excretion) parameters in the left ischemic kidney in G-Vx. Though, BCP did not affect any of these alterations in the ischemic kidney (P>0.05 for all). However, it attenuated the alterations in malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in the left ischemic kidney in G-BCP compared to G-Vx (9.3±2.1 vs. 4.8±1.0, P=0.047 and 18.1±2.5 vs. 13.6±1.7, P=0.09, respectively).
Our study results demonstrate that BCP attenuated the alterations in some of the oxidative stress markers. However, these were not translated in to the protective effects on the haemodynamic and tubular glomerular functions when measured seven days post-IRI. This suggests that BCP has a weak reno-protective effect under ischemic conditions.
肾缺血再灌注损伤（IRI）会导致肾功能改变，可能会导致永久性肾功能损害。β-石竹烯（BCP）是一种天然的双环倍半萜，是许多可食用植物（包括香料）的重要成分。它是一种经美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的食品添加剂，具有强大的抗炎和抗氧化活性，已被证明可预防化疗药物引起的器官毒性以及心脏、肝脏和脑部的缺血性损伤。氧化应激和炎症是肾功能障碍的主要伴随症状，然而，BCP对IRI诱导的肾功能障碍的影响尚未得到研究，因此本研究的目的是探讨BCP对IRI诱导的肾功能障碍的影响。
Wistar大鼠左肾进行40分钟的热缺血。G-BCP组（n = 13）在IRI前7天开始口服溶解于赋形剂中的BCP（50 mg/kg/天），并在IRI后持续7天，在此期间测量双肾的肾功能以及氧化应激标志物和促炎细胞因子。G-Vx组（n = 13）采用类似方案，但仅接受赋形剂。
在G-Vx组中，IRI影响左缺血肾的血流动力学参数（肾血流量和肾小球滤过率）和肾小管参数（尿量、尿钠总量和分数排泄）。然而，BCP并未影响缺血肾中的任何这些改变（所有P>0.05）。但是，与G-Vx组相比，G-BCP组左缺血肾中丙二醛（MDA）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）的改变有所减轻（分别为9.3±2.1对4.8±1.0，P = 0.047；18.1±2.5对13.6±1.7，P = 0.09）。
我们的研究结果表明，BCP减轻了一些氧化应激标志物的改变。然而，在IRI后7天测量时，这些并未转化为对血流动力学和肾小管肾小球功能的保护作用。这表明BCP在缺血条件下具有较弱的肾保护作用。
