Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Int J Environ Health Res. 2020 Feb;30(1):26-37. doi: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1572105. Epub 2019 Jan 30.
For children, playgrounds represent a central place for physical activity and social interaction. However, at the playground, children are often exposed to sunlight. It is therefore surprising that sun exposure and shade levels at children's playgrounds have, to date, received very little attention internationally. The 'PlaSMa' study presented here addresses this gap in the research, analyzing the percentage of shaded areas compared with the total playground area and the main play area for children in 144 playgrounds in the German city of Mannheim. In addition to this hierarchical linear modeling was used to investigate various social contexts. It was found that, on average, 41% of the total playground area was shaded, while only 22% of the main play area for children was in the shade. Consequently, in many cases, children play in direct sunlight, while parents and caregivers sit in the shade. These results were found to be independent of social area characteristics.
对于儿童来说，操场是他们进行身体活动和社交互动的重要场所。然而，在操场上，儿童往往会暴露在阳光下。令人惊讶的是，目前国际上对于儿童游乐场的阳光照射和遮荫水平关注度非常低。本研究旨在填补这一研究空白，通过分析德国曼海姆市 144 个游乐场中遮荫区域与总游乐场面积以及儿童主要游乐区面积的百分比，来研究这一问题。此外，还使用分层线性模型调查了各种社会环境。结果发现，平均而言，总游乐场面积的 41%有遮荫，而儿童主要游乐区仅有 22%有遮荫。因此，在许多情况下，儿童在阳光直射下玩耍，而父母和照顾者则坐在阴凉处。这些结果与社会区域特征无关。
