Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
J Occup Health. 2019 Jan;61(1):63-72. doi: 10.1002/1348-9585.12014.
To investigate work-related factors that contribute to early retirement due to ill health (ERIH) in middle-aged and elderly people in Korea.
Data were collected from a sample from the first through the fifth phases of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging which was conducted biennially from 2006 to 2014. ERIH was defined as the retirement of workers due to health problems before their scheduled or regular retirement age as reported in one of the follow-up surveys. Three broad subdomains of working conditions were examined: work arrangements, physical working conditions, and job satisfactions. Hazard ratios of ERIH were estimated by Cox regression.
Females, older people, unskilled manual workers, and day laborers were more likely to experience ERIH. In adjusted Cox proportional hazard models, the risk for ERIH in male workers was significantly higher among those with the following conditions: high physical demands, awkward posture, dissatisfaction with the working environment, and no industrial compensation insurance or retirement benefits. However, no significant association was found among female participants.
Occupational class, physical working conditions, job satisfaction, and work arrangement were the potential risk factors for ERIH among male workers in Korea. Moreover, our results revealed gender differences in the risk for ERIH.
探讨导致韩国中年和老年人提前因病退休（ERIH）的工作相关因素。
数据来自于韩国老龄化纵向研究的第一至第五阶段的样本，该研究于 2006 年至 2014 年每两年进行一次。ERIH 定义为在预定或正常退休年龄之前，因健康问题而提前退休的工人，这是在后续调查之一中报告的。工作条件的三个广泛亚领域得到了检查：工作安排、物理工作条件和工作满意度。通过 Cox 回归估计了 ERIH 的风险比。
女性、老年人、非熟练体力劳动者和临时工更容易提前因病退休。在调整后的 Cox 比例风险模型中，在男性工人中，具有以下条件的人发生 ERIH 的风险显著更高：高体力需求、姿势别扭、对工作环境不满，以及没有工业补偿保险或退休福利。然而，在女性参与者中未发现显著关联。
职业类别、物理工作条件、工作满意度和工作安排是韩国男性工人 ERIH 的潜在危险因素。此外，我们的结果显示了 ERIH 风险的性别差异。
